{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T07:57:58Z","timestamp":1790668678010,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790640000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790640000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Medicine &amp;amp; Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Immunocontraception is a population management strategy based on vaccines that induce an immune response against reproductive targets such as GnRH.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to investigate spermatogenic activity in adult baboons and adult dwarf bucks subject to repeated immunisation against GnRH for extended periods.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In Experiment 1, histological findings in untreated dwarf bucks (CONTROL\u20101) (\n                      <jats:italic>n\u00a0=\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n                      10) were compared with those found in males repeatedly immunised against GnRH (Improvac) during 5 years (RI\u20101;\n                      <jats:italic>n\u00a0=\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n                      15). In Experiment 2, one group of baboons received immunocontraceptive treatment against GnRH during 5\u201310 years until death (RI\u20112;\n                      <jats:italic>n\u00a0=\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n                      6). The second group received the same treatment for 10 years before discontinuation, with the interval between treatment withdrawal and death ranging from 10 to 27 months (RI\u20112+S;\n                      <jats:italic>n\u00a0=\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n                      19). As in Experiment 1, testicular tissue was collected post\u2010mortem and processed histologically.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In both species, the testicular tissue of animals treated with repeated immunisation against GnRH showed an absence of active spermatogenesis. The mean seminiferous tubule diameter in bucks was smaller in the RI\u20101 group than in the CONTROL\u20101 group (108.69\u00a0\u00b1\u00a013.17\u00a0\u00b5m vs. 187.35\u00a0\u00b1\u00a014.38\u00a0\u00b5m;\n                      <jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;\u00a00.05). In baboons, morphometric analysis showed similar seminiferous tubule diameters in the RI\u20102 (82.63\u00a0\u00b1\u00a04.47\u00a0\u00b5m) and RI\u20102+S (79.23\u00a0\u00b1\u00a05.89\u00a0\u00b5m) groups.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In bucks and in more than 70% of baboons, the severity of degenerative changes in the germinal epithelium suggests that long\u2010term repeated immunisation against GnRH may lead to irreversible infertility.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/vms3.71239","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T07:43:18Z","timestamp":1790667798000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Histological Findings in Testes of Baboons (\n                    <i>Papio<\/i>\n                    spp.) and Dwarf Bucks (\n                    <i>Capra hircus<\/i>\n                    ) Subject to Repeated Immunisation Against GnRH"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Teresa","family":"Ferr\u00edn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Reproduction INIA\u2013CSIC  Madrid Spain"},{"name":"Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Complutense University of Madrid  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Mart\u00ednez\u2010Nevado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zoo Aquarium Madrid  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juncal","family":"Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zoo Aquarium Madrid  Madrid 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