{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T15:15:25Z","timestamp":1772118925914,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,6]],"date-time":"2022-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1641427200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Medicine &amp; Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Lacerations of the axillary region occur frequently in horses. Typical complications caused by entrapment of air in the wound during locomotion are subcutaneous emphysema, with consecutive pneumomediastinum and pneumothorax. In this case report, the clinical, radiographic and laboratory diagnosis and management of these complications after an axillary laceration that finally resulted in pneumoperitoneum are described. A 1\u2010year\u2010old Hannoveranian was presented with a pre\u2010existing axillary laceration of unknown duration and subcutaneous emphysema in the surrounding tissue. Due to extensive tissue loss, attempts to adequately close the wound surgically and by packing with sterile dressing material were unsuccessful. Despite stall confinement and tying of the horse, subcutaneous emphysema was progressive and pneumomediastinum as well as pneumothorax was developed. These complications were monitored radiographically. On day 5 after admission, signs of air accumulation were detected on radiographs craniodorsally in the peritoneum and a pneumoperitoneum was diagnosed. Repeated thoracentesis with a teat cannula to gradually evacuate the thoracic cavity was used in combination with nasal oxygen insufflation to treat global respiratory insufficiency. Subcutaneous emphysema and all other complications resolved progressively and the horse was discharged from the hospital 21 days after admission when the axillary wound was adequately filled with granulation tissue. The wound healed fully 1 month later and the horse did not develop long\u2010term complications within the following year. To the authors\u00b4 knowledge, the development of pneumoperitoneum including its radiographic monitoring following an axillary laceration has not been described in horses previously.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/vms3.718","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,6]],"date-time":"2022-01-06T09:58:41Z","timestamp":1641463121000},"page":"546-552","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Pneumoperitoneum as an uncommon complication after an axillary laceration in a horse"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0123-500X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Linda Marie","family":"Schoen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Equine Surgery Justus\u2010Liebig Universit\u00e4t Gie\u00dfen Gie\u00dfen Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9216-8764","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammed","family":"Al Naem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Equine Surgery Justus\u2010Liebig Universit\u00e4t Gie\u00dfen Gie\u00dfen Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"R\u00f6cken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Equine Surgery Justus\u2010Liebig Universit\u00e4t Gie\u00dfen Gie\u00dfen Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Florian","family":"Geburek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Equine Surgery Justus\u2010Liebig Universit\u00e4t Gie\u00dfen Gie\u00dfen Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vru.12223"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"294","volume-title":"Equine wound management","author":"Barber S.","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2000.216.1955"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181995c87"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jsap.12366"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3468(71)90476-3"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1107","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1992.200.08.1107","article-title":"Subcutaneous emphysema from an axillary wound that resulted in pneumomediastinum and bilateral pneumothorax in a horse","volume":"200","author":"Hance S. R.","year":"1992","journal-title":"Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cveq.2006.11.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","first-page":"403","volume-title":"Management of Superficial Wounds, Deep and Chronic Wounds, Sinus Tracts, and Fistulas","author":"Hendrickson D.A.","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-198207000-00015"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3292.2012.00443.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00383-005-1489-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4142\/jvs.2014.15.2.195"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-6723.2010.01357.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.234.12.1533"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13089-015-0032-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4757-6814-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vru.12480"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/eve.12472"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","unstructured":"Pratt S. M. Hassel D. M. Drake C.&Snyder J. R.(2003). Clinical characteristics of horses with gastrointestinal ruptures revealed during initial diagnostic evaluation: 149 cases (1990\u20102002). In 49th Annual Convention of the American Association of Equine Practitioners New Orleans (LA): 21\u201325 November 2003. p. 366\u201370."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21836\/PEM20050503"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","first-page":"e1489","article-title":"Tracheostomy Exchange Resulting in Rare Combination of Pneumomediastinum, Pneumothorax, Massive Pneumoperitoneum, and Subcutaneous Emphysema","volume":"9","author":"Saeed S.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","first-page":"136","article-title":"Pneumoretroperitoneum, pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema after colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) with air insufflation","volume":"1","author":"Sato K.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Interventional Gastroenterology"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2003.223.462"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21836\/PEM20120110"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-4431.2011.00671.x"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Medicine and Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/vms3.718","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/vms3.718","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/vms3.718","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,15]],"date-time":"2024-09-15T16:32:27Z","timestamp":1726417947000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/vms3.718"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,6]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/vms3.718"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/vms3.718","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/VMS3.718\/v1\/review1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/VMS3.718\/v2\/response1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/VMS3.718\/v1\/review2","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/VMS3.718\/v2\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/VMS3.718\/v2\/review1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/VMS3.718\/v2\/review2","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/VMS3.718\/v3\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/VMS3.718\/v1\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/VMS3.718\/v3\/response1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/VMS3.718\/v3\/review1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/VMS3.718\/v3\/review2","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2053-1095","2053-1095"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2053-1095","type":"print"},{"value":"2053-1095","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-01-06","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}