{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:57:07Z","timestamp":1786978627397,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,13]],"date-time":"2022-02-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1644710400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Medicine &amp; Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Hermaphroditism is less frequently reported in dogs and is often associated with infertility.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Case report<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An 8\u2010month\u2010old French bulldog weighing 5 kg with an enlarged structure protruding from the vulva was clinically diagnosed with hermaphroditism. Physical, hormonal assay, computed tomography, and gross and histological studies were done in addition to successfully detailed surgical correction. On physical examination, the dog showed the presence of an os\u2010clitoris protruded from the vulvar labia. Hormonal levels of estradiol, testosterone, and progesterone were 6.39 pg\/ml, 0.4 ng\/ml, and 8.67ng\/ml, respectively. Surgical removal of internal gonadal tissues and os clirectomy operations were conducted after the exploratory laparotomy. The removed gonadal tissues were identical to that of a female with testicles instead of ovaries, according to a gross examination. Histological examination confirmed gonads as testis, with inactive seminiferous tubules and epididymis attached to uterine horns.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The congenital anomalies in the present case were diagnosed as male pseudohermaphroditism (MPH). Surgical correction was performed, and the owner's satisfaction was achieved.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/vms3.764","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,13]],"date-time":"2022-02-13T07:45:52Z","timestamp":1644738352000},"page":"953-958","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Clinical and diagnostic approach of male pseudo hermaphroditism with os\u2010clitoris in French bulldog: A case report"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4576-7646","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hanan","family":"Hendawy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology  Tokyo Japan"},{"name":"Department of Veterinary Surgery Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Suez Canal University  Ismailia Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4311-9311","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomohiko","family":"Yoshida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6557-7703","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danfu","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1318-5935","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aki","family":"Takeuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7191-1483","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yusuke","family":"Ozai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5291-925X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lina","family":"Hamabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9948-6490","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ryou","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani10091667"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439\u20100531.2010.01612.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2012.01.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Male pseudohermaphroditism in a dog: A case report","volume":"1","author":"Del Amo A. 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