{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T23:03:33Z","timestamp":1776726213972,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,14]],"date-time":"2022-04-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1649894400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Medicine &amp;amp; Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Abortions cause tremendous economic losses in food\u2010producing animals and may lead to food insecurity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study aimed to characterize\n                      <jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp. and other abortigenic pathogens from aborted tissues of cattle.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      For cattle, aborted tissues (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 19) were cultured, and\n                      <jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp. were detected using the genus\u2010specific 16S\u201023S ribosomal DNA interspacer region (ITS) assay and speciated using\n                      <jats:italic>Brucella abortus<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>Brucella melitensis<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>Brucella ovis<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and\n                      <jats:italic>Brucella suis<\/jats:italic>\n                      (AMOS) and Bruce\u2010ladder PCR assays.\n                      <jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic>\n                      negative samples were screened using the eight abortigenic pathogens PCR panel. Samples from an abortion outbreak that occurred within a goat tribe were included in this investigation. Sera of females (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 8) and males (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 2) were analyzed using the Rose Bengal Test (RBT) and indirect enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay (i\u2010ELISA), while vaginal swabs (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 3) and aborted tissues (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 1) were cultured and characterized.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The ITS\u2010PCR detected\n                      <jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic>\n                      DNA in cultures from two aborted tissues of cattle (10.5%, [2\/19]), which were identified as\n                      <jats:italic>B. melitensis<\/jats:italic>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 1), and\n                      <jats:italic>B. abortus<\/jats:italic>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a01) using AMOS and Bruce\u2010ladder PCR assays.\n                      <jats:italic>Campylobacter fetus<\/jats:italic>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 7) and\n                      <jats:italic>Leptospira<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp. (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 4) including co\u2010infections (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 2) of\n                      <jats:italic>C. fetus<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>Leptospira<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp. were identified from the\n                      <jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic>\n                      negative samples of cattle. Goats (100.0%, 10\/10) were brucellosis seropositive on RBT and i\u2010ELISA. Mixed infections caused by\n                      <jats:italic>B. melitensis<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>B. abortus<\/jats:italic>\n                      were isolated from the vaginal swabs (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 3) and aborted tissues (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 1).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion and conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This is the first identification of abortion\u2010associated pathogens in aborted cattle indicating the enormous financial losses and a threat to public health. It is therefore essential to include these identified pathogens in the surveillance scheme of veterinary and human services.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/vms3.805","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,14]],"date-time":"2022-04-14T05:37:49Z","timestamp":1649914669000},"page":"1655-1663","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Characterization of\n                    <i>Brucella<\/i>\n                    spp. and other abortigenic pathogens from aborted tissues of cattle and goats in Rwanda"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9404-2214","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jean Bosco","family":"Ntivuguruzwa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases Faculty of Veterinary Science University of Pretoria  Pretoria South Africa"},{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine College of Veterinary Medicine University of Rwanda  Kigali Rwanda"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2872-8864","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francis Babaman","family":"Kolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases Faculty of Veterinary Science University of Pretoria  Pretoria South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emil Ivan","family":"Mwikarago","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Medicine and Device assessment and Registration, Rwanda Food and Drug Administration  Kigali Rwanda"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Henriette","family":"van Heerden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases Faculty of Veterinary Science University of Pretoria  Pretoria South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","unstructured":"Acha P. &Szyfres B.(2003). 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