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It exerts its action by binding to a specific G\u2010protein\u2010coupled receptor, the growth hormone secretagogue receptor 1a (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GHS<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010R1a) which is found in areas of the brain associated with the regulation of food intake. Ghrelin causes a release of growth hormone (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GH<\/jats:styled-content>) through binding to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GHS<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010R1a in the hypothalamus and pituitary gland. A class of compounds known as growth hormone secretagogues, or ghrelin receptor agonists, were developed for therapeutic use in humans for the stimulation of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GH<\/jats:styled-content> in the frail elderly, and have subsequently been studied for their effects on increasing appetite and food intake, increasing body weight, building lean muscle mass, and treating cachexia. Subsequent research has shown that ghrelin has anti\u2010inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. This article reviews the basic physiology of ghrelin and the ghrelin receptor agonists, including the available evidence of these effects <jats:italic>in\u00a0vitro<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>in\u00a0vivo<\/jats:italic> in rodent models, humans, dogs and cats. One of these compounds, capromorelin, has been <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FDA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010approved for the stimulation of appetite in dogs (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ENTYCE<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>). The data available on the safety and effectiveness of capromorelin is reviewed, along with a discussion of the potential clinical applications for ghrelin receptor agonists in both human and veterinary medicine.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/vms3.83","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,6]],"date-time":"2017-11-06T08:06:45Z","timestamp":1509955605000},"page":"3-16","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Capromorelin: a ghrelin receptor agonist and novel therapy for stimulation of appetite in dogs"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Linda","family":"Rhodes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Independent consultant Durham New Hampshire USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bill","family":"Zollers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Norbrook, Inc Overland Park Kansas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6524-715X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jessica A.","family":"Wofford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aratana Therapeutics, Inc Leawood Kansas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ernst","family":"Heinen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aratana Therapeutics, Inc Leawood Kansas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_14_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612X14545273"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.86.3.1169"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2011.04.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfms.2007.02.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.67.9.1557"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-114-5-1537"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/an.114.006361"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.86.10.8098"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-4431.2009.00507.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0960-894X(02)00734-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0968-0896(02)00433-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/S1096-2867(03)00079-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2006.08.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12023"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/me.2011-1001"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1054\/ghir.2000.0171"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00582.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.141.11.7757"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2007-1046","article-title":"Ghrelin Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease: improvements in Lean Body Mass and Cytokine Profile","volume":"149","author":"DeBoer M.D.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2006.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.1.06404"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.53.12.3142"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.138.2.4907"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI200421134"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2011.00838.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfms.2011.05.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_28_1","unstructured":"FreemanL.M. 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