{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T04:05:57Z","timestamp":1791950757975,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,20]],"date-time":"2022-05-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653004800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["5T32OD010437\u201019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5T32OD010437\u201019"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Medicine &amp;amp; Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The frequency of surgical site infection (SSI) following orthopaedic implant placement in horses has been reported but not compared with respect to specific antibiotic protocols administered.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To determine factors associated with SSI in horses undergoing proximal interphalangeal joint (PIPJ) arthrodesis including perioperative antibiotic protocols.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Records were evaluated (2010\u20132019), and horses undergoing PIPJ arthrodesis were identified. Patient signalment, supervising surgeon, reason for surgery, limb, implants placed, anaesthetic time, duration casting\/coaptation postoperatively, antibiotic regimen and incidence\/onset SSI were recorded. Bayesian and frequentist logistic regressions were used to estimate the contribution of covariates to infection occurrence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fifty\u2010four PIPJ arthrodeses were performed. SSI occurred in 2\/54 (3.7%) on day 15,30. Arthrodesis was performed most commonly for osteoarthritis (33\/54, 61.1%), fracture (11\/54, 20.4%), and subluxation (5\/54, 9.3%). Perioperative systemic antibiotics were administered 1\u20133 days (15\/54, 27.8%) or\u00a0&gt;\u00a03 days (39\/54, 72.2%). Antibiotic protocols included cefazolin\/gentamicin (20\/54, 37%), cefazolin\/gentamicin\/doxycycline (14\/54, 25.9%) and potassium penicillin\/gentamicin (10\/54, 18.5%). Regional limb perfusion was performed preoperatively 31\/54 (57.4%) and postoperatively 7\/54 (13%). Survival to dismissal was 98.1% (53\/54 horses) with one horse euthanized due to support limb laminitis. No association was identified between antibiotic selection or duration (1\u20133 vs.\u00a0&gt;\u00a03 days), pre\u2010operative regional antibiotic perfusion, intraoperative antibiotic lavage or anaesthetic time\u00a0(&lt;\u00a0or\u00a0&gt;\u00a03\u00a0h) and SSI; however, modelling was complicated by quasi\u2010complete or complete separation of the data. Bayesian analysis (but not frequentist analysis) indicated an association between post\u2010operative regional antibiotic perfusion and SSI. Limitations include the retrospective nature of data collection and the low rate of infection overall.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The prevalence of SSI in this population was lower than that in previous reports of equine orthopaedic internal fixation. There was no difference in SSI rate in cases administered systemic antibiotics for 1\u20133 days or\u00a0&gt;3 days, or for those horses that did or did not receive preoperative regional antibiotic perfusion.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/vms3.839","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,20]],"date-time":"2022-05-20T15:44:28Z","timestamp":1653061468000},"page":"1478-1488","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Evaluation of factors associated with surgical site infection in equine proximal interphalangeal joint arthrodesis: 54 cases (2010\u20132019)"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Alyssa","family":"Daniels","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Colorado State University  Fort Collins Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4990-5006","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lynn M.","family":"Pezzanite","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Colorado State University  Fort Collins Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3522-5587","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gregg M.","family":"Griffenhagen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Colorado State University  Fort Collins Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2246-9742","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dean A.","family":"Hendrickson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Colorado State University  Fort Collins Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","first-page":"26","article-title":"Arthrodesis of a subluxated proximal interphalangeal joint in a horse","volume":"17","author":"Adams P.","year":"1995","journal-title":"Equine Practice"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2005.01058.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.2010.00705.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/eve.13243"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.1990.tb01167.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.12012"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","first-page":"1182","article-title":"Treatment of middle phalangeal fractures in the horse","volume":"178","author":"Colahan P. 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