{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T22:13:45Z","timestamp":1790806425500,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,30]],"date-time":"2022-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661817600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Medicine &amp; Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Leishmania infantum<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection can result in serious vector\u2010borne zoonotic disease such as visceral leishmaniasis. The objectives of the study were to estimate the seroprevalence and associated risk factors in Weliso, Ambo, and Ejaji towns in the Southwest and West Shewa zones, Oromia, Ethiopia.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A cross\u2010sectional study was conducted from October 2019 to September 2020. A total of 368 canines were sampled for the study using a basic random sampling procedure. An Indirect ELISA kit was used to test the presence of rK39 antigen eliciting specific antibodies in a serum sample. The association between\n                      <jats:italic>L. infantum<\/jats:italic>\n                      seropositivity and possible risk factors was assessed using Pearson's Chi\u2010square and logistic regression tests.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The overall seroprevalence of\n                      <jats:italic>L. infantum<\/jats:italic>\n                      in dogs was found to be 84.24% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 80%\u201388%) with seroprevalences ranging from 76.11% (95% CI: 67%\u201384%) in Ambo to 79.82% (95% CI: 71%\u201387%) in Weliso, and higher seroprevalence, in Ejaji 93.84% (95% CI: 89%\u201397%). In a univariable logistic regression analysis, town (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.001), season (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.001), mixed living (indoor\/outdoor) environment (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.003), and\n                      <jats:italic>kebele<\/jats:italic>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0\u2264\u00a00.05) were all found to be significantly linked with\n                      <jats:italic>L. infantum<\/jats:italic>\n                      seropositivity. In the multivariable analysis, wet season (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.001) and mixed living environments (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.025) were found to be independent predictors of\n                      <jats:italic>L. infantum<\/jats:italic>\n                      seropositivity.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This is the first comprehensive report of\n                      <jats:italic>L. infantum<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection in Ethiopian dogs. The very high seroprevalence suggests that dogs may play an important role in maintaining and spreading the infection to humans. Improvement of the living environment and health care facilities for dogs and humans as well health education for people awareness is suggested.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/vms3.917","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,30]],"date-time":"2022-08-30T10:08:36Z","timestamp":1661854116000},"page":"2319-2328","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["High seroprevalence of\n                    <i>Leishmania infantum<\/i>\n                    infection in dogs and its associated risk factors in selected towns of Southwest and West Shewa zones of Oromia, Ethiopia"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9432-6532","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Endrias Zewdu","family":"Gebremedhin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine Ambo University  Ambo Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weraka","family":"Weya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine Ambo University  Ambo Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chala","family":"Dima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Animal Health Diagnostic and Investigation Center  Sebeta Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Demeke","family":"Zewde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Animal Health Diagnostic and Investigation Center  Sebeta Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincenzo Di Marco","family":"Lo Presti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine Ambo University  Ambo Ethiopia"},{"name":"Istituto Zooprofilattico sperimentale della Sicilia \u201cA. 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