{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T18:59:44Z","timestamp":1791140384059,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,15]],"date-time":"2022-11-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668470400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Medicine &amp;amp; Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Brucellosis is a re\u2010emerging zoonosis of significant socio\u2010economic, animal and public health importance. It is principally a foodborne or occupation\u2010associated infection of humans, whose effective control depends on maximum cooperation of high\u2010risk populations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study assessed knowledge, attitudes and practices relating to brucellosis among cattle farmers (communal and commercial), meat handlers (abattoir and butchery workers) and medical professionals (nurses and doctors) in Namibia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Between June 2019 and September 2020, self\u2010administered questionnaires and questionnaire interviews were carried out in cattle farmers (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 264), meat handlers (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 143) and medical professionals (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 124) in Namibia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Overall, 43.50% (231\/531) of respondents were aware of brucellosis, with the highest awareness among medical professionals (73.39%, 91\/124) and the least in meat handlers (13.99%, 20\/143). Awareness of brucellosis was associated with tertiary education (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001) and the medical profession (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001). However, most medical professionals (98.39%, 122\/124) did not consider brucellosis as a differential diagnosis in cases of persistent febrile illness. A proportion of communal (85.60%) and commercial (71.00%) farmers; abattoir workers (44.40%); butchers (53.50%); nurses (55.60%); and medical doctors (28.00%) consumed raw milk.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study identified the purchase of animals of unknown health status; assisting cow delivery; handling of aborted fetuses with no protective wear; consumption of raw milk, homemade cheese, cattle testes and undercooked livers, as risk factors for Brucella infection in cattle and humans. Thus, intensified risk communication, including public health education, is recommended, in particular, among meat handlers and communal farmers, to promote awareness and discourage risky practices.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/vms3.937","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,16]],"date-time":"2022-11-16T07:45:40Z","timestamp":1668584740000},"page":"535-547","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Assessment of knowledge, attitudes and practices relating to brucellosis among cattle farmers, meat handlers and medical professionals in Namibia"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1145-9880","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oscar","family":"Madzingira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, School of Veterinary Medicine University of Namibia  Windhoek Namibia"},{"name":"Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria  Onderstepoort South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles","family":"Byaruhanga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria  Onderstepoort South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Folorunso Oludayo","family":"Fasina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Centre for Transboundary Animal Diseases\u2010Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations (ECTAD\u2010FAO)  Dar es Salaam Tanzania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henriette","family":"van Heerden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria  Onderstepoort South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","unstructured":"AHR (Animal Health Regulations). 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