{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T11:25:07Z","timestamp":1787657107490,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,6]],"date-time":"2024-12-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733443200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":5,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100022967","name":"Feline Health Research Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100022967","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Record Open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Feline respiratory tract infection poses a serious challenge in animal shelters. Potential risk factors include pathogens introduced through animals entering the shelter. We aimed to determine the proportion of animals shedding feline upper respiratory tract (URT) pathogens at the time of entry and to assess how this contributed to the burden of clinical disease and final outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Oropharyngeal and conjunctival swabs were collected from incoming cats over 11 months and tested using real\u2010time PCR. The prevalence and distribution of pathogens were reported; causal associations with clinical disease and shelter outcomes were assessed using Bayesian generalised regression models.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      On admission, 43% (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 86) cats were shedding one or more pathogens (feline herpes virus, feline calici virus,\n                      <jats:italic>Mycoplasma felis<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>Chlamydia felis<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>Bordetella bronchiseptica<\/jats:italic>\n                      ). Shedding was somewhat associated with subsequent clinical disease but not with risk of euthanasia. Animals placed into foster care were less likely (odds ratio [OR] 0.27, Bayesian credible interval [CI] 0.09\u20120.78) and those enrolled into behavioural rehabilitation programmes were more likely to develop disease (OR 5, CI 2.4\u201211). Kittens had a delayed time to onset of disease (daily hazard 0.39, CI 0.13\u20121.2). Geriatric animals (OR 4.1, CI 1.8\u201210) and those with comorbidities (OR 8.8, CI 3.5\u201225) were most likely to be euthanased.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>While a substantial proportion of animals were shedding pathogens on entry, animal characteristics (age and behaviour) and shelter operations (foster care) were more important in impacting the shelter's burden of clinical feline URT disease.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/vro2.70001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,6]],"date-time":"2024-12-06T07:54:35Z","timestamp":1733471675000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Prevalence of feline upper respiratory tract pathogens and risk factors for clinical disease and final outcomes in an RSPCA shelter in Queensland, Australia"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6567-6202","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Uttara","family":"Kennedy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary Science University of Queensland  Gatton Queensland Australia"},{"name":"Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Queensland  Wacol Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Stevenson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Melbourne Veterinary School University of Melbourne  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mandy","family":"Paterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary Science University of Queensland  Gatton Queensland Australia"},{"name":"Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Queensland  Wacol Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan","family":"Jaensch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vetnostics, Macquarie Park  New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Doug","family":"Hayward","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vetnostics, Macquarie Park  New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas","family":"Clark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary Science University of Queensland  Gatton Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","first-page":"132","article-title":"Descriptive epidemiology of upper respiratory disease and associated risk factors in cats in an animal shelter in coastal western Canada","volume":"54","author":"Gourkow N","year":"2013","journal-title":"Can Vet J"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfms.2009.03.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfms.2004.07.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.240.5.570"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0190140"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-1-4557-7401-2.00012-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.applanim.2013.11.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0167\u20105877(02)00022\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2011.07.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani8060091"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfms.2003.08.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2014.06.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2016.07.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfms.2009.05.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","unstructured":"RSPCA Australia. 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