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These are characteristics of the stem cells within meristems that are critical for their growth properties. Stem cells are found in tight association with the stem cell niche\u2014those cells that signal to maintain stem cells. Shoot meristems are unique among stem cell systems in that the stem cell niche is a constantly changing population of recent daughter stem cells. Recent progress from Arabidopsis and other systems have uncovered a large number of genes with defined roles in meristem structure and maintenance. This review will focus on well\u2010studied pathways that represent signaling between the stem cells and the niche, that prevent ectopic differentiation of stem cells, that regulate the chromatin status of stem cell factors, and that reveal intersection of hormone signaling and meristem maintenance. <jats:italic>WIREs Dev Biol<\/jats:italic> 2013, 2:671\u2013684. doi: 10.1002\/wdev.110<\/jats:p><jats:p>This article is categorized under:\n<jats:list list-type=\"explicit-label\">\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Gene Expression and Transcriptional Hierarchies &gt; Cellular Differentiation<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Plant Development &gt; Vegetative Development<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Plant Development &gt; Inflorescence, Flower, and Fruit 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