{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:55:35Z","timestamp":1786978535482,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,28]],"date-time":"2022-06-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656374400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Water Environment Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:label\/>\n                    <jats:p>In this study, the potential of using peroxide regenerated iron\u2010sulfide control (PRI\u2010SC\u00ae) for chemical phosphorus removal utilizing the existing iron sulfide found in wastewaters was investigated in batch tests and compared in full\u2010scale facility\u2010wide simulations to using iron salts. PRI\u2010SC is a combination treatment that utilizes iron salts and hydrogen peroxide in a synergetic fashion, where hydrogen peroxide is used in regenerating the spent iron salt in situ in the form of iron sulfide, yielding ferric iron and colloidal sulfur. A simplified kinetic model was developed, calibrated, and integrated into a facility\u2010wide model to simulate the process at the full\u2010scale. Experimental results showed that dosing hydrogen peroxide, even at doses lower than the stoichiometrically required to oxidize iron sulfide, freed, and oxidized sulfide bound ferrous iron to ferric iron, which was consequently hydrolyzed and affected phosphorus removal. Higher dosing of hydrogen peroxide did not affect change in the speciation of sulfur remaining predominantly as elemental sulfur. Simulations showed that the application of PRI\u2010SC with supplemental ferric iron dosing was able to cut the costs of chemicals addition up to 53% while maintaining a steady\u2010state effluent phosphate concentration below 0.01\u2009mg\/L.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Practitioner points<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>The kinetic model was used to optimize ferric iron and hydrogen peroxide dosing.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>The developed model can be integrated in existing wastewater process simulators.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Dosing hydrogen peroxide effectively oxidized ferrous iron to ferric iron.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>The combination of hydrogen peroxide and iron salts can reduce the chemical addition cost by 53%.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <\/jats:list>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/wer.10754","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,14]],"date-time":"2022-06-14T20:30:11Z","timestamp":1655238611000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Model\u2010based investigation of the chemical phosphorus removal potential of the peroxide regenerated iron\u2010sulfide control technology"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"94","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3169-3092","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amr","family":"Ismail","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil Engineering Toronto Metropolitan University  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eunkyung","family":"Jang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"USP Technologies  Atlanta GA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oliver","family":"Schraa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"inCTRL Solutions Inc  Dundas Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John R.","family":"Walton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"USP Technologies  Atlanta GA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mirzaman","family":"Zamanzadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"inCTRL Solutions Inc  Dundas Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elsayed","family":"Elbeshbishy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil Engineering Toronto Metropolitan University  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Domenico","family":"Santoro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"USP Technologies  Atlanta GA USA"},{"name":"Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Department Western University  London Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1134\/S1990793109020122"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fenvs.2018.00008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2009.12.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2166\/wqrj.1997.038"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0043-1354(97)00091-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2175\/106143016X14733681695366"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/wer.1052"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","first-page":"135","article-title":"The use of simultaneous chemical precipitation in modified activated sludge systems exhibiting biological excess phosphate removal: Part 6: Modelling of simultaneous chemical\u2010biological P removal\u2010review of existing models","volume":"27","author":"Haas D. 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