{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T21:27:53Z","timestamp":1783978073184,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,20]],"date-time":"2023-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1689811200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":19,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013076","name":"National Major Science and Technology Projects of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2017ZX07204\u2010005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017ZX07204\u2010005"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013076","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Water Environment Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p>In this study, we investigated the performance and elucidated the synergistic effects of microalgae\u2013fungi symbionts co\u2010cultured with 10<jats:sup>\u22127<\/jats:sup> and 10<jats:sup>\u22129<\/jats:sup>\u00a0mol\u2009L<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> of GR24 and supplemented with endophytic bacteria, multi\u2010walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) or vitamin B12 (VB12), on nutrient removal and biogas upgrading. The results showed that the microalgae\u2013fungi\u2013bacteria symbiotic system co\u2010cultured with 10<jats:sup>\u22129<\/jats:sup>\u00a0mol\u2009L<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> GR24 presented the optimal growth performance of 0.368\u2009\u00b1\u20090.04 d<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>, chlorophyll <jats:italic>a<\/jats:italic> of 249.36\u2009\u00b1\u200922.31\u2009\u03bcg\u2009L<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>, and extracellular carbonic anhydrase activity of 42.55\u2009\u00b1\u20093.755 enzyme units. In this co\u2010culture system, the organic matter, nutrients, and CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> purification obtained the highest removal efficiency, with 81.35\u2009\u00b1\u20097.96% for chemical oxygen demand, 83.56\u2009\u00b1\u20097.91% total nitrogen, 84.17\u2009\u00b1\u20097.95% total phosphorus, and 63.72\u2009\u00b1\u20096.06% CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>. The symbiont system also greatly increased the methane content in the biogas by 30.67%. The remarkable performance of the microalgae\u2013fungi\u2013bacteria symbiotic system shows its ability to be broadly applied in simultaneous biogas upgrading and wastewater treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Practitioner Points<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>The optimal GR24 concentration for microalgae\u2013fungi consortia was 10<jats:sup>\u22129<\/jats:sup>\u00a0M.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Endophytic bacteria were superior to MWCNTs and VB12.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Fungi\u2013algae\u2013bacteria consortia presented excellent growth and removal performance.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Removal efficiencies of COD, TN, and TP were about 81% under optimum treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/wer.10907","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,26]],"date-time":"2023-06-26T02:23:15Z","timestamp":1687746195000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Performance of co\u2010culture strategy on nutrient removal and biogas upgrading by strigolactone induction"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"95","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-9629-7487","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lixing","family":"Shu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Fudan University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6937-3233","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhengfang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Suzhou Institute of Trade &amp; 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