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However, novel BC water treatment technology approaches require operational testing in field pilot\u2010scale scenarios to advance their technology readiness assessment. Therefore, the objective of this study is to evaluate the system performance of BC integrated into hydrous ferric oxide reactive filtration (Fe\u2010BC\u2010RF) with and without catalytic ozonation (CatOx) process in laboratory and field pilot\u2010scale scenarios. For this investigation, Fe\u2010BC\u2010RF and Fe\u2010CatOx\u2010BC\u2010RF pilot\u2010scale trials were conducted on synthetic lake water variants and at three municipal water resource recovery facilities (WRRFs) at process flows of 0.05 and 0.6\u00a0L\/s, respectively. Three native and two iron\u2010modified BCs were used in these studies. The commercially available reactive filtration process (Fe\u2010RF without BC) had 96%\u201398% total phosphorus (TP) removal from 0.075\u2010 and 0.22\u2010mg\/L TP, as orthophosphate process influent in these trials. With BC integration, phosphorus removal yielded 94%\u201398% with the same process\u2010influent conditions. In WRRF field pilot\u2010scale studies, the Fe\u2010CatOx\u2010BC\u2010RF process removed 84%\u201399% of influent total phosphorus concentrations that varied from 0.12 to 8.1\u2009mg\/L. Nutrient analysis on BC showed that the recovered BC used in the pilot\u2010scale studies had an increase in TP from its native concentration, with the Fe\u2010amended BC showing better P recovery at 110% than its unmodified state, which was 16%. Lastly, the field WRRF Fe\u2010CatOx\u2010BC\u2010RF process studies showed successful destructive removals at &gt;90% for more than 20 detected micropollutants, thus addressing a critical human health and environmental water quality concern. The research demonstrated that integration of BC into Fe\u2010CatOx\u2010RF for micropollutant removal, disinfection, and nutrient recovery is an encouraging tertiary water treatment technology that can address sustainable phosphorus recycling needs and the potential for carbon\u2010negative operation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Practitioner Points<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>A pilot\u2010scale hydrous ferric oxide reactive sand filtration process integrating biochar injection typically yields &gt;90% total phosphorus removal to ultralow levels.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Biochar, modified with iron, recovers phosphorus from wastewater, creating a P\/N nutrient upcycled soil amendment.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Addition of ozone to the process stream enables biochar\u2010iron\u2010ozone catalytic oxidation demonstrating typically excellent (&gt;90%) micropollutant destructive removals for the compounds tested.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>A companion paper to this work explores life cycle assessment (LCA) and techno\u2010economic analysis (TEA) to explore biochar water treatment integrated reactive filtration impacts, costs, and readiness.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Biochar use can aid in long\u2010term carbon sequestration by reducing the carbon footprint of advanced water treatment in a dose\u2010dependent manner, including enabling an overall carbon\u2010negative process.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <\/jats:list>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/wer.10926","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,11]],"date-time":"2023-09-11T20:25:10Z","timestamp":1694463910000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Biochar integrated reactive filtration of wastewater for P removal and recovery, micropollutant catalytic oxidation, and negative CO\n                    <sub>2<\/sub>\n                    e: Process operation and mechanism"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"95","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1559-5268","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulo","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Soil and Water Systems University of Idaho  Moscow Idaho 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