{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T17:32:52Z","timestamp":1762018372350,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,3]],"date-time":"2021-06-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622678400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Water Environment Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p>Abnormally high\u2010odor detection threshold (DT) values were detected for biosolids produced at one of the water resource recovery facilities (WRRFs) of Washington Suburban Sanitary Commission. As an inexpensive countermeasure, aeration of thickened sludge holding tanks (SHTs) was tested as a solution for mitigating the subsequent biosolids odor emission. Experimental results indicated that the extremely low\u2010oxidation reduction potential (ORP) in the SHTs and the fermentation of high\u2010rate\u2010activated sludge were primarily contributors to the odor emission from the dewatered cake. Two rounds of bench\u2010scale experiments on different days confirmed that aerating the sludge in holding tanks reduced peak emission concentrations of sulfurous odorous compounds such as hydrogen sulfide (H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S), methanethiol (MT), and dimethyl sulfide (DMS) from 203, 110, and 20\u00a0mg\u00a0m<jats:sup>\u22123<\/jats:sup>\u00a0g<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> dry to 119, 70, and 14\u00a0mg\u00a0m<jats:sup>\u22123<\/jats:sup>\u00a0g<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> dry, respectively. Further preliminary full\u2010scale validation study showed that even a slight ORP improvement from \u2212180\u00a0mV to \u2212162\u00a0mV reduced the peak H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S concentration from 87 to 48\u00a0mg\u00a0m<jats:sup>\u22123<\/jats:sup>\u00a0g<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> dry and decreased the biosolids DT value from 4266 to 1862. It was concluded that lifting ORP in SHTs through aeration can be used by utilities as a simple means for biosolids odor control.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Practitioner points<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n<jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Anaerobic storage of high\u2010rate active sludge was the main reason for the excessive biosolids odor.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Aeration of sludge holding tanks can effectively reduce biosolids odor.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>A slight oxidation reduction potential improvement substantially reduced biosolids odor.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/wer.1582","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,15]],"date-time":"2021-05-15T09:12:08Z","timestamp":1621069928000},"page":"1808-1818","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Aeration in sludge holding tanks as an economical means for biosolids odor control\u2014A case study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"93","author":[{"given":"Hao","family":"Luo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Center for Applied Water Research and Innovation  Ashburn VA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5402-3898","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dian","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Center for Applied Water Research and Innovation  Ashburn VA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Malcolm","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Washington Suburban Sanitary Commission  Laurel MD USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Caroline","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Washington Suburban Sanitary Commission  Laurel MD USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3496-1884","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhi\u2010Wu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Center for Applied Water Research and Innovation  Ashburn VA 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