{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T02:39:21Z","timestamp":1780540761494,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,3]],"date-time":"2025-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738540800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,1]],"date-time":"2025-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738368000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Water Environment Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:label\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The Fenton\u2010like process, utilizing zero\u2010valent iron (Fe\n                      <jats:sup>0<\/jats:sup>\n                      ) and hydrogen peroxide (H\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      O\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      ), is employed to degrade refractory organic matter in membrane bioreactor (MBR) effluent derived from landfill leachate. However, the rate\u2010limiting Fe\n                      <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                      \/Fe\n                      <jats:sup>3+<\/jats:sup>\n                      redox step diminishes treatment efficacy and generates substantial iron sludge. This study elucidates the mechanism by which ultraviolet (UV) irradiation augments the Fe\n                      <jats:sup>0<\/jats:sup>\n                      \/H\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      O\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      process for the removal of refractory organic matter in MBR effluent. The results show that the UV\u2010\u00a0enhanced H\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      O\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      process effectively disrupts the aromatic structure of organic compounds, reducing molecular weight, degree of polymerization, and humification. Compared with the Fe\n                      <jats:sup>0<\/jats:sup>\n                      \/H\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      O\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      process, the removal efficiency of UV\n                      <jats:sub>254<\/jats:sub>\n                      , color number, and total organic carbon in the effluent treated by the UV\/Fe\n                      <jats:sup>0<\/jats:sup>\n                      \/H\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      O\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      process increased by 24.16%, 14.62%, and 57.46%, respectively. Concurrently, the generation of iron sludge was reduced by 21.6%. This enhancement is primarily attributed to UV's ability to intensify the Fe\n                      <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                      \/Fe\n                      <jats:sup>3+<\/jats:sup>\n                      redox cycle and expedite the surface corrosion of Fe\n                      <jats:sup>0<\/jats:sup>\n                      , yielding more iron oxides. This accelerates the decomposition of H\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      O\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      , generating a higher quantity of\n                      <jats:sup>\u2022<\/jats:sup>\n                      OH through both homogeneous and heterogeneous Fenton\u2010like reactions. The refractory organic matter is removed through the oxidation by\n                      <jats:sup>\u2022<\/jats:sup>\n                      OH, as well as the adsorption and precipitation facilitated by iron\u2010based colloids.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Practitioner Points<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>\n                            UV promotes Fe\n                            <jats:sup>0<\/jats:sup>\n                            \/H\n                            <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                            O\n                            <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                            process to degrade refractory organic matter in MBR effluent.\n                          <\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>\n                            UV promotes Fe\n                            <jats:sup>0<\/jats:sup>\n                            to dissolve more Fe\n                            <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                            and the redox cycle of Fe\n                            <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                            and Fe\n                            <jats:sup>3+<\/jats:sup>\n                            .\n                          <\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>\n                            The dosage of H\n                            <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                            O\n                            <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                            or Fe\n                            <jats:sup>0<\/jats:sup>\n                            influences the treatment effect of the process.\n                          <\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <\/jats:list>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/wer.70022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,4]],"date-time":"2025-02-04T01:23:56Z","timestamp":1738632236000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Ultraviolet\u2010enhanced Fe\n                    <sup>0<\/sup>\n                    \u2010activated H\n                    <sub>2<\/sub>\n                    O\n                    <sub>2<\/sub>\n                    process for the removal of refractory organic matter from landfill leachate: Performance and mechanism"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"97","author":[{"given":"Guonan","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Environmental Science and Engineering Southwest Jiaotong University  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4659-6052","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ke","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Environmental Science and Engineering Southwest Jiaotong University  Chengdu 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