{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T10:19:15Z","timestamp":1753870755206,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,28]],"date-time":"2025-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745798400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Water Environment Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p>The widespread use of tetracycline has made the efficient and environmentally friendly treatment of tetracycline\u2010contaminated wastewater a pressing issue in environmental management. This study synthesized high\u2010purity and uniformly mixed Cu<jats:sup>0<\/jats:sup>\/CuFeO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> composite materials using a one\u2010step hydrothermal method, aiming to enhance the catalytic activation of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) through the synergistic effect of zero\u2010valent metal and bimetallic compounds. The Cu<jats:sup>0<\/jats:sup>\/CuFeO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> composite demonstrated exceptional PMS activation performance, achieving 84% tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) degradation within 1\u2009min and 91% degradation within 20\u2009min. The degradation process involved the synergistic action of \u2022OH, SO<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub><jats:sup>\u2022\u2212<\/jats:sup>, <jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, and electron transfer. The degradation intermediates of TCH were identified using high\u2010performance liquid chromatography\u2013mass spectrometry (HPLC\u2010MS), and four potential degradation pathways were proposed. Furthermore, Cu<jats:sup>0<\/jats:sup>\/CuFeO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> exhibited robust degradation performance across a wide pH range and maintained high efficiency in complex aqueous environments. Even after five cycles, the composite retained 78% of its degradation efficiency, demonstrating excellent stability and reproducibility in the degradation of TCH using the Cu<jats:sup>0<\/jats:sup>\/CuFeO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\/PMS system.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Practitioner Points<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>A high\u2010purity and uniformly mixed Cu<jats:sup>0<\/jats:sup>\/CuFeO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> composite was synthesized.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Robust catalytic activity and stability was observed for the synthesized catalyst.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Synergistic contributions from \u2022OH, SO<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub><jats:sup>\u2022\u2212<\/jats:sup>, <jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, and e<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup> resulted in TCH degradation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Four potential TCH degradation pathways were derived.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/wer.70070","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,29]],"date-time":"2025-04-29T01:30:57Z","timestamp":1745890257000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Activation of peroxymonosulfate by Cu<sup>0<\/sup>\/CuFeO<sub>2<\/sub> composite for tetracycline hydrochloride degradation with free radical and non\u2010radical multi\u2010pathways"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"97","author":[{"given":"Fanye","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Resources and Environment Wuhan Textile University  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jinnan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Resources and Environment Wuhan Textile University  Wuhan 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