{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T16:17:54Z","timestamp":1792426674607,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":95,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778544000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":11,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Water Environment Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Perovskite quantum dots (PQDs) have attracted intense interest for environmental remediation owing to their outstanding optoelectronic properties; however, their simultaneous use for both sensitive optical detection and efficient photocatalytic degradation of antibiotics within a single platform remains largely unexplored and conceptually fragmented. This comprehensive review examines the latest advances in PQD\u2010based materials for antibiotic sensing and photocatalytic degradation, with particular emphasis on emerging efforts to integrate both functions into unified, dual\u2010functional systems. We discuss synthesis strategies, surface engineering approaches for enhanced stability, lead\u2010free alternatives, sensing mechanisms (IFE, ET, FRET, etc.), and visible\u2010light\u2010driven photocatalytic pathways, supported by comparative analyses of performance metrics, kinetics, and degradation routes. Although numerous studies report either excellent fluorescence sensing or high photocatalytic activity, genuine dual\u2010functional platforms that perform both tasks effectively and recyclably under real environmental conditions are still rare. Key challenges such as aqueous instability, lead toxicity, incomplete mineralization, and lack of standardized testing in complex matrices are analyzed in detail. Finally, we outline promising directions\u2014including heterostructuring, computational and data\u2010driven design, and modular sensing\u2010degradation devices\u2014to realize practical, sustainable, and truly bifunctional PQD systems for next\u2010generation antibiotic monitoring and remediation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/wer.70403","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T13:41:46Z","timestamp":1778593306000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Perovskite Quantum Dots as Dual\u2010Functional Nanomaterials for Sensitive Optical Detection and Photocatalytic Degradation of Antibiotics in Environmental Applications"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"98","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4661-656X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rima Heider","family":"Al Omari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Hourani Center for Applied Scientific Research Al\u2010Ahliyya Amman University  Amman Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5643-9202","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Magdi E. A.","family":"Zaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU)  Riyadh Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"PadmaPriya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Sciences JAIN (Deemed to be University)  Bangalore Karnataka India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qusay Husam","family":"Aziz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesia Techniques, Health and Medical Techniques College Alnoor University  Mosul Iraq"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y.","family":"Sasikumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology  Chennai Tamil Nadu India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Aldulaimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy Al\u2010Zahrawi University  Karbala Iraq"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renu","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, University Institute of Sciences Chandigarh University  Mohali Punjab India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7739-2837","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sobhi M.","family":"Gomha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science Islamic University of Madinah  Madinah Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6894-3150","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hadi","family":"Noorizadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Branch Islamic Azad University  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4676-720X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mosstafa","family":"Kazemi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Branch Islamic Azad University  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jafr.2025.102477"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03067319.2025.2572493"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cey2.70018"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10653-024-02146-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jlumin.2024.120906"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202105958"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jece.2021.106567"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhydene.2023.03.382"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rsma.2025.104340"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-08110-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00210-024-03309-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adpr.202200230"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D0EE02900A"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202200029"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/solr.202100205"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01480545.2024.2433075"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202505600"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.0c09228"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tqem.70034"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D1EN00712B"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.susmat.2022.e00501"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41563-022-01349-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsenergylett.3c01983"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpcs.2024.112037"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.2c17200"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsusc.2022.153170"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11664-022-09660-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11082-024-06975-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.4c18414"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202302542"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.0c15484"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202314795"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsanm.1c00324"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10876-024-02737-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10895-024-03933-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.167"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpha.2022.07.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202210028"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/fishes9120484"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceramint.2022.08.153"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D1NR02248B"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfa.2024.134153"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C9NR10075J"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mattod.2024.02.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsenergylett.3c01686"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D5MA00010F"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hazadv.2025.100697"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nano12213905"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_50_1","first-page":"39","article-title":"Functionalized Silver Nanoparticles: From Plasmonic Properties to Theranostics Applications in Cancer With a Focus on Toxicity and Safety Challenges","volume":"1","author":"Narimani H.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Chemical and Pharmaceutical Letters"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22034\/cpl.2025.545829.1005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsanm.2c02787"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D0NA00992J"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2019.119335"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.1c05907"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpcc.1c06582"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.saa.2022.121845"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-97199-0_11"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acscatal.2c00037"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/wer.10987"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diamond.2023.110556"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-024-34355-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202300493"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_64_1","first-page":"27","volume-title":"Trends and Innovations in Energetic Sources, Functional Compounds and Biotechnology: Science, Simulation, Experiments","author":"Taft C. A.","year":"2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D5EN00049A"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2022.137583"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jece.2024.112593"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2023.145770"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aej.2025.09.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molliq.2024.126211"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D4NR04942J"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ange.202409656"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D0TC02852E"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pr13103049"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jallcom.2024.175329"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jlumin.2022.119344"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D2TC00558A"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jes.2024.06.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202415315"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202412276"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.5c06945"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjsc.2023.100173"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceramint.2025.09.306"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rineng.2025.106747"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D4CS00077C"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40843-021-1675-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00604-024-06198-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2025.137845"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2021.131353"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2025.167280"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2024.136655"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhydene.2022.09.174"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D4CS01107D"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ange.202404202"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2022.121953"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.34133\/ehs.0397"}],"container-title":["Water Environment Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/wer.70403","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/wer.70403","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/wer.70403","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]],"date-time":"2026-05-26T06:14:47Z","timestamp":1779776087000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/wer.70403"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"references-count":95,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/wer.70403"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/wer.70403","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1061-4303","1554-7531"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1061-4303","type":"print"},{"value":"1554-7531","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-10-15","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-04-21","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-05-12","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70403"}}