{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T01:03:21Z","timestamp":1790643801017,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789603200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":16,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["42477059"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42477059"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Water Environment Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Strontium\u2010rich natural mineral water represents an important high\u2010quality groundwater resource. However, the processes controlling Sr enrichment and the contribution of fault\u2010controlled groundwater circulation to mineral water formation in cold\u2013arid mountainous regions remain poorly constrained. In this study, the Yanglonggou Sr\u2010enriched mineral spring system, located on the eastern margin of the Qaidam Basin on the Tibetan Plateau, was investigated. An integrated hydrogeochemical and isotopic approach was employed to elucidate the processes responsible for Sr enrichment. The results indicate that the groundwater exhibits a Ca\u2010HCO\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    hydrochemical facies, with hydrochemical evolution dominated by water\u2013rock interaction. Groundwater is primarily recharged by precipitation and cryospheric meltwater, representing a modern groundwater circulation system with strong hydraulic connectivity. Geochemical modeling indicates that the continuous supply of dissolved Sr\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    is provided by the weathering of Sr\u2010bearing silicate minerals and carbonate dissolution. Meanwhile, the persistent undersaturation of Sr\u2010bearing minerals, including celestite and strontianite, limits Sr\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    removal and promotes progressive accumulation in groundwater. Collectively, these findings support a conceptual model involving recharge, groundwater circulation, fault\u2010controlled flow, water\u2013rock interaction, and Sr enrichment spring discharge. The fault system is indicated to function simultaneously as a preferential flow conduit and a local hydraulic barrier. This dual role is found to prolong groundwater residence time within Sr\u2010bearing strata, thereby intensifying water\u2013rock interactions and driving the formation of Sr\u2010rich mineral water. A comprehensive evidence chain for the genesis of Sr\u2010rich mineral water in cold\u2013arid regions was established. New insights into fault\u2010driven hydrogeochemical enrichment are provided, and a scientific framework for the exploration and sustainable management of similar mineral water resources is offered.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/wer.70583","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T05:57:47Z","timestamp":1789711067000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Hydrogeochemical and Isotopic Constraints on the Genesis of Strontium\u2010Rich Mineral Springs in the Eastern Qaidam Basin, Tibetan Plateau"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"98","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-8948-4949","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiahao","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Geosciences and Engineering Southwest Jiaotong University  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-7207-4820","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jie","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Geosciences and Engineering Southwest Jiaotong University  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0044-2389","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yan","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Environmental Governance and Data Application Environmental Development Center of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China (MEE)  Beijing China"},{"name":"Institute of Environmental Governance and Data Application Sino\u2010Japan Friendship Center for Environmental Protection  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0751-1594","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dongmei","family":"Ruan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Geosciences and Engineering Southwest Jiaotong University  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6414-8384","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yong","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Geosciences and Engineering Southwest Jiaotong University  Chengdu China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Water Ecology Remediation and Protection at Headwater Regions of Big Rivers, Ministry of Water Resources Qinghai University  Xining China"},{"name":"Sichuan Province Engineering Technology Research Center of Ecological Mitigation of Geohazards in Tibet Plateau Transportation Corridors  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shengbin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bureau of Qinghai Environmental Geological Prospecting  Xining China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guoqiang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Qinghai 906 Engineering Survey and Design Institute Co. Ltd.  Xi'ning China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zexue","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xining Natural Resources Comprehensive Survey Center China Geological Survey  Xining China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Ning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Water Ecology Remediation and Protection at Headwater Regions of Big Rivers, Ministry of Water Resources Qinghai University  Xining China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7244-3853","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qianhui","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Water Ecology Remediation and Protection at Headwater Regions of Big Rivers, Ministry of Water Resources Qinghai University  Xining China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-0451-6528","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zikun","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Geosciences and Engineering Southwest Jiaotong University  Chengdu China"},{"name":"Sichuan Province Engineering Technology Research Center of Ecological Mitigation of Geohazards in Tibet Plateau Transportation Corridors  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00244\u2010020\u201000800\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cageo.2012.02.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365\u20103091.1995.tb00410.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/hydrology10030063"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oregeorev.2024.106393"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","volume-title":"Environmental Isotopes in Hydrogeology","author":"Clark I. 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