{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,11]],"date-time":"2026-10-11T23:45:15Z","timestamp":1791762315273,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,11]],"date-time":"2026-10-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791676800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":10,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Water Environment Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    This study aimed to develop activated carbon (K\u2010AC) from walnut shells and evaluate its effectiveness for removing malachite green (MG) and Acid Red 14 (AR14) from aqueous solutions. The adsorbent was characterized using TGA\/DTA, SEM\u2013EDX, XRD, XPS, FTIR, pH\n                    <jats:sub>PZC<\/jats:sub>\n                    , and textural analyses. K\u2010AC exhibited a BET surface area of 750\u2009m\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    g\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    , an iodine number of 660.04\u2009mg\u2009g\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    , and a methylene blue index of 55.61\u2009mg\u2009g\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    . Batch adsorption experiments were performed to investigate the effects of contact time, adsorbent dose, and pH, and equilibrium and kinetic data were modeled using established adsorption models. The maximum adsorption capacities were 424.31\u2009mg\u2009g\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    for MG and 72.10\u2009mg\u2009g\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    for AR14. The Langmuir and Temkin models provided the best fits for MG and AR14, respectively, while the adsorption kinetics followed the pseudo\u2010second\u2010order model for both dyes. Thermodynamic analysis indicated that adsorption was spontaneous and endothermic. These results demonstrate the potential of walnut shell\u2013derived K\u2010AC as an effective and sustainable adsorbent for dye removal from wastewater.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/wer.70584","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,11]],"date-time":"2026-10-11T22:52:10Z","timestamp":1791759130000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Sustainable Production of KOH\u2010Activated Microporous Carbon From Walnut Shell Biomass for the Adsorption of Cationic and Anionic Dye Pollutants"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"98","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-9107-036X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Khadidja","family":"Khalili","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Structure, Elaboration and Application of Molecular Materials (SEAMM) Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Department of Process Engineering, Abdelhamid Ibn Badis University 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