{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T07:01:40Z","timestamp":1782543700887,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,12]],"date-time":"2024-09-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726099200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["World j. otorhinolaryngol.-head neck surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Automated air\u2010conduction pure\u2010tone audiograms through Bayesian estimation and machine learning\u00a0(ML) classification have recently been proposed in the literature. Although such ML\u2010based audiometry approaches represent a significant addition to the field, they remain unsuited for daily clinical settings, in particular for listeners with asymmetric or conductive hearing loss, severe hearing loss, or\u00a0cochlear dead zones. The goal here is to expand on previously proposed ML approaches and assess the performance of this improved ML audiometry for a large sample of listeners with a wide range of hearing status.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>First, we describe the changes made to the ML method through the addition of: (1) safety limits to test listeners with a wide range of hearing status, (2) transient responses to cater for cochlear dead zones or nonmeasurable thresholds, and importantly, (3) automated contralateral masking to test listeners with asymmetric or conductive hearing loss. Next, we compared the performance of this improved ML audiometry with conventional and manual audiometry in a large cohort (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 109 subjects) of both normal\u2010hearing and hearing\u2010impaired listeners.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our results showed that for all audiometric frequencies tested, no significant difference was found between hearing thresholds obtained using manual audiometry on a clinical audiometer as compared to both the manual and automated improved ML methods. Furthermore, the test\u2013retest difference was not significant with the automated improved ML method for each audiometric frequency tested. Finally, when examining cross\u2010clinic reliability measures, significant differences were found for most audiometric frequencies tested.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Together, our results validate the use of this improved ML\u2010based method in adult clinical tests for air\u2010conduction audiometry.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/wjo2.208","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,13]],"date-time":"2024-09-13T02:34:47Z","timestamp":1726194887000},"page":"173-188","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Performance and reliability evaluation of an improved machine learning\u2010based pure\u2010tone audiometry with automated masking"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Nicolas","family":"Wallaert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Rennes University Hospital Rennes France"},{"name":"R&amp;D Department My Medical Assistant SAS Reims France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antoine","family":"Perry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R&amp;D Department My Medical Assistant SAS Reims France"},{"name":"Laboratoire d'Informatique Signal et Image, Electronique et T\u00e9l\u00e9communications ISEP Ecole d'ing\u00e9nieurs du Num\u00e9rique Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Quarino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Rennes University Hospital Rennes France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hadrien","family":"Jean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R&amp;D Department My Medical Assistant SAS Reims France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gwenaelle","family":"Creff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Rennes University Hospital Rennes France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benoit","family":"Godey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Rennes University Hospital Rennes France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7530-5891","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nihaad","family":"Paraouty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R&amp;D Department My Medical Assistant SAS Reims France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10162-011-0271-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-021-06805-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/07334648231212291"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s42256-021-00394-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-018-0029-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm11050321"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-33128-3_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-26023-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.specom.2018.01.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csl.2022.101447"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.HJ.0000722496.35603.8a"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/32581"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","volume-title":"Audiology Pure Tone Evaluation","author":"Carl AC","year":"2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Manual for program outline for rehabilitation of aural casualties both military and civilian","volume":"48","author":"Hughson WA","year":"1944","journal-title":"Trans Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","volume-title":"EN ISO 8253\u20101. 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