{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T14:36:01Z","timestamp":1787322961276,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772064000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772064000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81700910"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81700910"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["World j. otorhinolaryngol.-head neck surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Vestibular schwannoma (VS) is a benign tumor that originates from the Schwann cells of the vestibular nerve sheath in the internal auditory canal. This retrospective study collected data from patients with VS who underwent surgical treatment to identify their demographic characteristics and audiometric features.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective study included 330 VS patients who underwent surgical treatment at the ENT Hospital of Fudan University between April 2017 and December 2019. The demographic information, audiograms, and tumor details of these patients were collected. Demographic and audiometric characteristics were summarized. Correlation analysis was performed to compare the basic characteristics of patients with tumor size, pure\u2010tone threshold average (PTA), and tumor grades.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among the patients, 38.8% (128\/330) exhibited predominant high\u2010frequency hearing loss on pure\u2010tone audiometry. Approximately 74.5% (246\/330) of patients exhibited moderately severe or worse hearing loss. Of the 211 patients who underwent speech testing, 65.4% (138\/211) did not have practical hearing function (American Academy of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery Class C&amp;D) at the time of surgery. Correlation analysis revealed that symptom duration was the most influential variable. No correlation was found between tumor size and PTA or speech discrimination score (SDS). Multivariate ordered regression analysis identified age over 45 years, symptom duration over 12 months, symmetric threshold difference greater than 15\u2009dB, and SDS lower than 75% as high\u2010risk factors for higher\n                      <jats:italic>Koos<\/jats:italic>\n                      grading.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Considering the preservation of postoperative hearing, for patients with lower\n                      <jats:italic>Koos<\/jats:italic>\n                      grades (I\u2009+\u2009II)\u2014especially for younger patients (age below 45 years) with functional hearing\u2014if PTA increases or if SDS decreases or falls below 75% in their follow\u2010ups, surgery or radiation intervention may be considered after a thorough evaluation, regardless of tumor growth.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/wjo2.70091","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T23:28:16Z","timestamp":1773012496000},"page":"401-409","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Audiological Characteristics in Vestibular Schwannoma Patients"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3324-6272","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shan","family":"Zeng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ENT institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye &amp; ENT Hospital Fudan University Shanghai China"},{"name":"Institutes of Biomedical Sciences Fudan University Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi\u2010Yun","family":"Lou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ENT institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye &amp; ENT Hospital 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