{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,17]],"date-time":"2026-05-17T12:11:07Z","timestamp":1779019867805,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778544000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778544000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["World j. otorhinolaryngol.-head neck surg."],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study examined the potential protective effects of memantine, an N\u2010methyl\u2010D\u2010aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, against acoustic trauma (AT) in guinea pigs, using electrophysiological and histopathological analyses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Thirty guinea pigs with normal hearing were divided into six groups (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20095 per group): Group 1 (control), Group 2 (AT, early), Group 3 (AT, late), Group 4 (AT + steroid), Group 5 (AT + saline), and Group 6 (AT + memantine). AT was induced using 6\u201310\u2009kHz broadband noise at 115\u2013120\u2009dB for 1.5\u20132.0\u2009h. Animals received intraperitoneal injections of memantine, steroid, or saline 1.5\u2009h before AT. Measurements were obtained at baseline, 2\u2009h, 7 days, 14 days, and 21 days post\u2010AT. Distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE) signal\u2010to\u2010noise ratios (SNRs) were measured from 1 to 32\u2009kHz, and auditory brainstem response (ABR) from 8 to 32\u2009kHz. Group 2 animals were euthanized within 2\u2009h after AT; others after the 21\u2010day evaluation. Cochlear histopathology was evaluated postmortem.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Baseline ABR thresholds were &lt;\u200930\u2009dB SPL, and DPOAE SNRs were \u2265\u20096\u2009dB. Group 6 showed improved DPOAE SNRs at 1.5 and 24\u2009kHz compared to Groups 3 and 5. ABR thresholds in Group 6 were lower than those in Group 3 (16, 24\u2009kHz) and Group 5 (32\u2009kHz). Group 4 showed lower thresholds than Group 3 at 12\u201324\u2009kHz. Histology revealed milder cochlear damage in Group 6 compared to Groups 2, 3, and 5.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Memantine demonstrated protective effects against noise\u2010induced hearing loss. Further studies are needed to clarify its molecular mechanisms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/wjo2.70108","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T12:03:42Z","timestamp":1778587422000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["An Experimental Study on the Protective Effect of Memantine in Noise\u2010Induced Hearing Loss"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-8935-6950","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beg\u00fcm","family":"Arda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Siirt Training and Research Hospital Siirt Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Selis G\u00fclseven","family":"G\u00fcven","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Faculty of Medicine Trakya University Edirne Turkey"},{"name":"Mirko TOS Ear and Hearing Research Center Trakya University Edirne Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Erdo\u011fan","family":"Bulut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mirko TOS Ear and Hearing Research Center Trakya University Edirne Turkey"},{"name":"Department of Audiology Faculty of Health Sciences Trakya University Edirne Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Murat","family":"Arslan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mirko TOS Ear and Hearing Research Center Trakya University Edirne Turkey"},{"name":"Department of Audiology Faculty of Health Sciences Trakya University Edirne Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2591-9174","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u00d6zlem Tu\u011fce","family":"\u00c7ilingir\u2010Kaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Histology and Embryology Faculty of Medicine Marmara University Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abdullah","family":"Ta\u015f","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Faculty of Medicine Trakya University Edirne Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Recep","family":"Ya\u011f\u0131z","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Faculty of Medicine Trakya University Edirne Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12062347"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","first-page":"132","article-title":"Industrial Audiology and Noise\u2010Induced Hearing Loss","volume":"8","author":"Kenar T.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Turkiye Klinikleri Ear Nose and Throat \u2010 Special Topics"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","volume-title":"World Report on 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