{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T04:19:39Z","timestamp":1791346779016,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,22]],"date-time":"2024-05-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716336000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MR\/K00414X\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MR\/K00414X\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000341","name":"Arthritis Research UK","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["19891"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19891"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000341","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["World j. surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of this study was to establish features of inflammation in histologically normal gallbladders with gallstones and compare the expression of inflammatory markers in acutely and chronically inflamed gallbladders.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Immunohistochemistry was performed on formalin\u2010fixed paraffin\u2010embedded gallbladders for tumor necrosis factor (TNF)\u2010\u03b1, interleukin (IL)\u20106, IL\u20102R, and substance\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      in three groups: Group I (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a060) chronic cholecystitis, Group II (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a057) acute cholecystitis and Group III (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a045) histologically normal gallbladders with gallstones. Expression was quantified using the H\u2010scoring system.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Median, interquartile range expression of mucosal IL\u20102R in Groups I (2.65, 0.87\u20137.97) and II (12.30, 6.15\u201325.55) was significantly increased compared with group III (0.40, 0.10\u20131.35,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05). Submucosal IL\u20102R expression in Groups I (2.0, 1.12\u20134.95) and II (10.0, 5.95\u201314.30) was also significantly increased compared with Group III (0.50, 0.15\u20131.05,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05). There was no difference in the lymphoid cell IL\u20106 expression between Groups I (5.95, 1.60\u201318.15), II (6.10, 1.1\u201336.15) and III (8.30, 2.60\u201326.35,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&gt;\u00a00.05). Epithelial IL\u20106 expression of Group III (8.3, 2.6\u201326.3) was significantly increased compared with group I (0.5, 0\u201310.2,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05) as was epithelial TNF\u2010\u03b1 expression in Group III (85.0, 70.50\u201392.0) compared with Groups I (72.50, 45.25.0\u201385.50,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05) and II (61.0, 30.0\u201392.0,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05). Lymphoid cell Substance P expression in Groups I (1.90, 1.32\u20132.65) and II (5.62, 2.50\u201320.8) was significantly increased compared with Group III (1.0,1.0\u20131.30,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05). Epithelial cell expression of Substance P in Group III\u00a0(121.7, 94.6\u2013167.8) was significantly increased compared with Groups I (75.7, 50.6\u2013105.3,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05) and II (78.9, 43.5\u2013118.5,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Histologically normal gallbladders with gallstones exhibited features of inflammation on immunohistochemistry.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/wjs.12219","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,22]],"date-time":"2024-05-22T22:01:00Z","timestamp":1716415260000},"page":"1662-1673","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Immunohistochemical inflammation in histologically normal gallbladders containing gallstones"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"48","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9072-2837","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emmanouil","family":"Psaltis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Translational Medical Sciences Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre School of Medicine University of Nottingham Queen's Medical Centre  Nottingham UK"},{"name":"National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre Nottingham University Hospitals and University of Nottingham Queen's Medical Centre  Nottingham UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3351-6460","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abed M.","family":"Zaitoun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Translational Medical Sciences Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre School of Medicine University of Nottingham Queen's Medical Centre  Nottingham UK"},{"name":"National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre Nottingham University Hospitals and University of Nottingham Queen's Medical Centre  Nottingham UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5452-4016","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Keith R.","family":"Neal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Translational Medical Sciences Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre School of Medicine University of Nottingham Queen's Medical Centre  Nottingham UK"},{"name":"National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre Nottingham University Hospitals and University of Nottingham Queen's Medical Centre  Nottingham UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1187-5796","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dileep N.","family":"Lobo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Translational Medical Sciences Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre School of Medicine University of Nottingham Queen's Medical Centre  Nottingham UK"},{"name":"National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre Nottingham University Hospitals and University of Nottingham Queen's Medical Centre  Nottingham UK"},{"name":"MRC Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research School of Life Sciences University of Nottingham Queen's Medical Centre  Nottingham UK"},{"name":"Divison of Surgery Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2022.2350"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","volume-title":"StatPearls","author":"Jones M. 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