{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T02:56:43Z","timestamp":1790564203130,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["World j. surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate the effect of mindfulness\u2010based interventions (MBIs) on psychological outcomes in surgeons.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A PRISMA\u2010compliant systematic review and meta\u2010analysis (random effects modeling) was performed searching for comparative studies. Primary outcomes were stress (Perceived Stress Scale, PSS\u201010) and mindfulness (Cognitive and Affective Mindfulness Scale\u2010Revised, CAMS\u2010R). Secondary outcomes were burnout and anxiety (abbreviated Maslach Burnout Inventory [aMBI], Patient Health Questionnaire\u20102 [PHQ\u20102], and State\u2010Trait Anxiety Inventory [STAI]).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Surgical residents numbering 179 (MBIs 98 vs. control 81) from five studies (4 RCTs and 1 cohort study) were included. At baseline, both cohorts were comparable in terms of stress (PSS\u201010, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.420), mindfulness (CAMS\u2010R, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.620), burnout (aMBI, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.980), depersonalization (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0740), emotional exhaustion (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0480), depression (PHQ\u20102, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.280), and anxiety (STAI, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.060). MBIs reduced stress (PSS\u201010; MD: \u22123.24, 95% CI \u22126.10 to \u22120.39, and <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.030), improved mindfulness (CAMS\u2010R; MD: 3.97, 95% CI 2.57\u20135.37, and <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.00001), and reduced burnout (aMBI; MD: \u22121.98, 95% CI \u22123.57 to \u22120.38, and <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.020), depersonalization (MD: \u22122.80, 95% CI \u22125.22 to \u22120.38, and <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.020), and emotional exhaustion (MD: \u22123.20, 95% CI \u22125.48 to \u22120.92, and <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.0006). MBIs did not influence depression (PHQ\u20102; MD: \u22120.46, 95% CI \u22121.32 to \u22120.40, and <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.290) or anxiety (STAI; MD: \u22120.16, 95% CI \u22122.62 to \u22122.30, and <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.900).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>MBIs may improve psychological outcomes as shown by better mindfulness (high certainly), less stress (moderate certainty), and burnout (moderate certainty). Whether MBIs translate into better long\u2010term surgical performance and patient outcomes should be the focus of future research.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Trial Registration<\/jats:title><jats:p>PROSPERO registration number: CRD42024595967<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/wjs.12606","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T22:00:09Z","timestamp":1746136809000},"page":"2166-2175","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Effect of Mindfulness\u2010Based Intervention on Psychological Outcomes in Surgeons: Systematic Review and Meta\u2010Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"49","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3294-4335","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shahab","family":"Hajibandeh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery Morriston Hospital  Swansea UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4587-4281","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher R.","family":"Bowman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Ysbyty Gwynedd  Bangor UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shahin","family":"Hajibandeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery Royal Stoke University Hospital  Stoke\u2010on\u2010Trent UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oliver","family":"Luton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiff Breast Unit University Hospital Llandough  Cardiff UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carter C.","family":"Lebares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery UCSF Center for Mindfulness in Surgery University of California San Francisco  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard John","family":"Egan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery Morriston Hospital  Swansea UK"},{"name":"School of Medicine Swansea University  Swansea UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wyn G.","family":"Lewis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery Morriston Hospital  Swansea UK"},{"name":"Department of General Surgery University Hospital of Wales  Cardiff UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/as9.0000000000000029"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","first-page":"6","article-title":"Anxiety and Depression in Surgeons: A Systematic Review","volume":"22","author":"Egbe A.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Surgeon"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2009.10.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1308\/rcsann.2020.7058"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.53841\/bpsopm.2018.1.40.15"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj\u20102022\u2010070442"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2018.3713"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","first-page":"347","volume-title":"Mindfulness\u2010Based Treatment Approaches (Second Edition). 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