{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T10:57:24Z","timestamp":1770289044992,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["World j. surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) of the breast is a very rare salivary gland\u2010like tumor, accounting for 0.2%\u20130.3% of all breast cancers (BC). This study aims to review the literature on MEC of the breast.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This systematic review focuses on MEC of the breast, conducted in line with PRISMA 2020 guidelines and registered in PROSPERO under ID CRD420251089598. Searches were performed in PubMed, Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, using terms such as \u201cmucoepidermoid carcinoma,\u201d \u201cbreast,\u201d and similar terms. No language restrictions were applied. Studies published between January 1, 1979, and July 1, 2025, were included.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Median age was 57\u00a0years (95% CI: 53\u201360). The most common presentation was a palpable breast mass (64.7%), followed by incidental detection via mammography (10.6%). Tumors were located in the left breast (49.4%) and in the right breast (43.5%). The most frequent tumor localization was the upper\u2010outer quadrant (20.0%). Median tumor size was 21\u00a0mm (95% CI: 19\u201330). Modified radical mastectomy (30.6%) was the most common surgical approach, followed by breast\u2010conserving surgery with sentinel or level dissection (29.4%), and simple mastectomy or its variants (17.6%). Immunohistochemistry revealed positivity for P63 (52.9%), CK5\/6 (41.2%), CK7 (45.9%), Ki67 (44.7%), ER (24.7%), PR (4.7%), and HER2 (9.4%) with TNBC phenotype (36.5%), genetic alterations (16.5%), and distant metastasis (9.4%). Follow\u2010up data revealed 7 deaths, of which 5 were due to MEC, and these five patients consistently exhibited poor prognostic features. Compared to the 63 survivors with follow\u2010up data, they showed significantly higher rates of axillary lymph node positivity (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.005) and advanced N stage (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.001); in addition, all five had high\u2010grade tumors (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.001) and documented distant metastases (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Breast MEC is a rare malignancy with generally favorable prognosis in low\u2010grade cases, but high\u2010grade tumors show more aggressive behavior. In this study, all disease\u2010related deaths occurred in high\u2010grade tumors with axillary node involvement, advanced N stage, and distant metastasis\u2014highlighting their prognostic significance. CK5\/6, CK7, and P63 were frequently positive, whereas hormone receptors were usually negative. Close follow\u2010up is essential, especially for high\u2010grade tumors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Review Registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This systematic review was prospectively registered in the PROSPERO database under the registration number CRD420251089598<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/wjs.70077","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T15:53:58Z","timestamp":1756742038000},"page":"2630-2643","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma of the Breast: A Systematic Review of Clinicopathologic, Immunohistochemical, and Molecular Features"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"49","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6864-7711","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sami","family":"Akbulut","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery and Liver Transplant Institute Inonu University Faculty of Medicine  Malatya Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0701-8399","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yasin","family":"Dalda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery and Liver Transplant Institute Inonu University Faculty of Medicine  Malatya Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7636-1000","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariia","family":"Ivanova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pathology European Institute of Oncology IRCCS  Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9101-9131","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicola","family":"Fusco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pathology European Institute of Oncology IRCCS  Milan Italy"},{"name":"Department of Oncology and Hemato\u2010Oncology University of Milan  Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-28845-1_4766-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2016.10.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/md.0000000000037163"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/gs\u201023\u2010372"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","first-page":"196","article-title":"Low\u2010Grade Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma of the Breast","volume":"103","author":"Patchefsky A.","year":"1979","journal-title":"Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14260\/jemds\/2016\/170"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.220128"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/md.0000000000029745"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000331316"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/his.13779"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0748\u20107983(98)80135\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.modpat.2023.100270"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annpat.2019.02.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr\u20102021\u2010247281"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tbj.13142"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2008.11.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01268031\u2010201042001\u201000172"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","first-page":"352","article-title":"High\u2010Grade Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma of the Breast: Case Report","volume":"21","author":"Chang L. 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