{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T07:25:42Z","timestamp":1786951542342,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]],"date-time":"2026-07-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783123200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]],"date-time":"2026-07-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783123200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["World j. surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An estimated 140 million additional surgical procedures are required annually, yet access to safe, timely, and affordable surgical care remains limited, particularly in low\u2010 and middle\u2010income countries, where the poorest 2.2 billion people receive only 3.5% of procedures. In sub\u2010Saharan Africa, the burden of trauma, burns, and congenital malformations far exceeds available capacity, yet evidence on plastic reconstructive surgery (PRS) remains fragmented and poorly quantified. This scoping review mapped the current state of PRS evidence, disease burden, and barriers to care in the region.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted comprehensive search of PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science, Bioline International, and AJOL (Oct 21, 2024) supplemented by gray\u2010literature screening. Studies addressing PRS\u2010relevant pathologies, surgical capacity, or barriers to care in sub\u2010Saharan Africa (excluding South Africa) were included without date or language restriction. Data were charted in Covidence and synthesized descriptively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of 11,780 records, 353 met inclusion criteria. Trauma (43.6%) and burns (40.2%) dominated reconstructive workload, with congenital anomalies reported in 33.4% of studies. Most research originated from Nigeria, Uganda, and Tanzania and was concentrated in tertiary hospitals. Workforce shortages, inadequate infrastructure, and financial barriers were the most frequent obstacles. Skin grafting and wound management comprised over one\u2010third of reported procedures. PRS interventions were highly cost\u2010effective, with estimates as low as US$33 per DALY averted.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Reconstructive surgery in sub\u2010Saharan Africa remains critically under\u2010researched and under\u2010resourced. Addressing inequities requires locally adapted assessment tools, workforce expansion, and integration of PRS into national surgical plans.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/wjs.70484","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]],"date-time":"2026-07-04T13:56:06Z","timestamp":1783173366000},"page":"2348-2359","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Mapping Plastic Reconstructive Surgical Needs and Access Barriers in Sub\u2010Saharan Africa: A Scoping Review"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"50","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2758-7185","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sabina","family":"Rodriguez Vel\u00e1squez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Global Health University of Geneva  Geneva Switzerland"},{"name":"The GRAPH Network  Geneva Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camille Beatrice Gaza","family":"Bionda Valera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Global Health University of Geneva  Geneva Switzerland"},{"name":"The GRAPH Network  Geneva Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2499-296X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saidu Idris","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The GRAPH Network  Geneva Switzerland"},{"name":"Accident and Emergency Unit Murtala Muhammad Specialist Hospital  Kano Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nante Rachel","family":"Wangi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The GRAPH Network  Geneva Switzerland"},{"name":"Department of Medicine Clinical Epidemiology Unit College of Health Sciences Makerere University  Kampala Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Botero Mesa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Global Health University of Geneva  Geneva Switzerland"},{"name":"The GRAPH Network  Geneva Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0468-9357","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter","family":"Nthumba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery AIC Kijabe Hospital  Kijabe Kenya"},{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery Vanderbilt University Medical Center  Nashville Tennessee USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Zeidan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Independent Researcher"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre","family":"Quinodoz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery La Tour Hospital  Geneva Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olivia","family":"Keiser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Global Health University of Geneva  Geneva Switzerland"},{"name":"The GRAPH Network  Geneva Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lionel","family":"Dumont","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Acute Medicine Division of Anesthesiology H\u00f4pitaux Universitaires de Gen\u00e8ve  Geneva Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","unstructured":"Shrime ESJGMMG. 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