{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T11:30:35Z","timestamp":1791459035710,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,20]],"date-time":"2020-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1597881600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["World Med &amp;amp; Health Policy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Prolonged school closures are one of the most disruptive forces in the COVID\u201019 era. School closures have upended life for children and families, and educators have been forced to determine how to provide distance learning. Schools are also an essential source of nonacademic supports in the way of health and mental health services, food assistance, obesity prevention, and intervention in cases of homelessness and maltreatment. This article focuses on the physical and emotional toll resulting from school closures and the withdrawal of nonacademic supports that students rely on. The COVID\u201019 pandemic is shining a spotlight on how important schools are for meeting children's nonacademic needs. We argue that when students return to school there will be a more acute and wider\u2010spread need for school\u2010based nonacademic services and supports. Further, we expect that COVID\u201019 will serve as a focusing event opening a window of opportunity for programmatic and policy change that improves nonacademic services and supports in the future.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/wmh3.365","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,28]],"date-time":"2020-08-28T12:52:27Z","timestamp":1598619147000},"page":"300-310","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":190,"title":["Addressing the Consequences of School Closure Due to COVID\u201019 on Children's Physical and Mental Well\u2010Being"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0585-1595","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jessica A.","family":"Hoffman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1881-6046","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edward A.","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1037\/e502932020-001","volume-title":"How COVID\u201019 May Increase Domestic Violence and Child Abuse","author":"Abramson Ashley","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","unstructured":"Action for Healthy Kids.2020. \u201cCOVID\u201019 Resources: School Closures and Food Access.\u201dhttps:\/\/www.actionforhealthykids.org\/resources-for-schools-and-families-during-covid-19-coronavirus\/. Accessed April 18 2020."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","unstructured":"Anderson Sara andKelliCaseman.2020. \u201cSchool\u2010Based Health Centers Can Deliver Care to Vulnerable Populations During the COVID\u201019 Pandemic.\u201dChild Trends(March 18).https:\/\/www.childtrends.org\/school-based-health-centers-can-deliver-care-to-vulnerable-populations-during-the-covid-19-pandemic. Accessed April 18 2020."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.048360"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","unstructured":"Bohl Ryan.2020. \u201cOpinion: School Closures Force Many Americans to Choose between Their Children's Education and Earning a Paycheck.\u201dMarketwatch(March 14).https:\/\/www.marketwatch.com\/story\/school-closures-force-many-americans-to-choose-between-their-childrens-education-and-earning-a-paycheck-2020-03-13. 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Washington DC: The National Academies Press.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17226\/25389. Accessed April 17 2020.","DOI":"10.17226\/25389"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","volume-title":"School\u2010Based Mental Health Services: Improving Student Learning and Well\u2010Being","author":"National Association of School Psychologists","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","volume-title":"Shortages in School Psychology: Challenges to Meeting the Growing Needs of U.S. Students and Schools [Research summary]","author":"National Association of School Psychologists","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","volume-title":"Virtual Service Delivery in Response to COVID\u201019 Disruptions","author":"National Association of School Psychologists","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","unstructured":"National Center for Health Statistics. n.d. \u201cChild Health.\u201d Hyattsville MD.https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nchs\/fastats\/child-health.htm. 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That's Harder than it Sounds.\u201dChalkboard Beat(March 3).https:\/\/chalkbeat.org\/posts\/us\/2020\/03\/03\/amid-coronavirus-fears-the-cdc-told-schools-to-plan-for-remote-learning-thats-harder-than-it-sounds\/. Accessed April 17 2020."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/chi.2015.0029"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_1","unstructured":"School Nutrition Association. n.d.School Meal Trends and Stats. Arlington VA: School Nutrition Association.https:\/\/schoolnutrition.org\/aboutschoolmeals\/schoolmealtrendsstats\/. Accessed April 17 2020."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_1","unstructured":"Schwab Kristen.2020. \u201cFood Pantries Struggling to Provide During COVID\u201019.\u201dMarketplace(March 31).https:\/\/www.marketplace.org\/2020\/03\/31\/covid-19-food-pantries\/. 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