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Gold\u2010based nanoparticles are the main mediators of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTT<\/jats:styled-content> because they offer: (1) biocompatibility, (2) small diameters that enable tumor penetration upon systemic delivery, (3) simple gold\u2010thiol bioconjugation chemistry for the attachment of desired molecules, (4) efficient light\u2010to\u2010heat conversion, and (5) the ability to be tuned to absorb near\u2010infrared light, which penetrates tissue more deeply than other wavelengths of light. In addition to acting as a standalone therapy, gold nanoparticle\u2010mediated <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTT<\/jats:styled-content> has recently been evaluated in combination with other therapies, such as chemotherapy, gene regulation, and immunotherapy, for enhanced anti\u2010tumor effects. When delivered independently, the therapeutic success of molecular agents is hindered by premature degradation, insufficient tumor delivery, and off\u2010target toxicity. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTT<\/jats:styled-content> can overcome these limitations by enhancing tumor\u2010 or cell\u2010specific delivery of these agents or by sensitizing cancer cells to these additional therapies. All together, these benefits can enhance the therapeutic success of both <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTT<\/jats:styled-content> and the secondary treatment while lowering the required doses of the individual agents, leading to fewer off\u2010target effects. 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