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It has been shown in particular that phosphorous dendrimers of first generation functionalized with azabisphosphonate terminal functions are able to stimulate the human immune system ex vivo. These dendrimers are internalized by monocytes within a few seconds, and induce their anti\u2010inflammatory activation. The presence of the dendrimers induces also the inhibition of the differentiation of monocytes into osteoclasts, the maturation of dendritic cells, and inhibits the proliferation of the proinflammatory CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T lymphocytes. Finally, after 2\u20133\u2009weeks of culture of peripheral blood mononuclear cells, amplifications by several tens of natural killer cells is observed. In view of all these properties, the influence of these azabisphosphonate\u2010dendrimers has been tested in vivo with several animal models, against different chronic or acute inflammatory diseases, such as multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, uveitis, and psoriasis, but also against myeloid leukemia, a hematological cancer. The hematological safety has been demonstrated in mice, as there is no platelet aggregation, no hemolysis, and no disturbance in the hematological formula. The safety of the azabisphosphonate\u2010dendrimer has been assessed also with non\u2010human primates (cynomolgus monkeys) which received repeated injections, as a de\u2010risking pre\u2010clinical test. Biochemical, hematological, and all immunological parameters in peripheral blood remained within a normal physiological range throughout the study, and all survived well. Other phosphorous dendrimers also display anti\u2010inflammatory properties in vivo, in particular dendrimers functionalized with mannose derivatives, which prevent acute lung diseases when given orally (per os) to mice.<\/jats:p><jats:p>This article is categorized under:<jats:list list-type=\"simple\">\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology &gt; Nanoscale Systems in Biology<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery &gt; Emerging Technologies<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery &gt; Nanomedicine for Neurological Disease<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/wnan.1783","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,23]],"date-time":"2022-02-23T07:32:54Z","timestamp":1645601574000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Curing inflammatory diseases using phosphorous dendrimers"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8487-3578","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anne\u2010Marie","family":"Caminade","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination (LCC) CNRS UPR8241  Toulouse Cedex 4 France"},{"name":"LCC\u2010CNRS Universit\u00e9 de Toulouse, CNRS  Toulouse France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7187-8070","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C\u00e9dric\u2010Olivier","family":"Turrin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination (LCC) CNRS UPR8241  Toulouse Cedex 4 France"},{"name":"LCC\u2010CNRS Universit\u00e9 de Toulouse, CNRS  Toulouse France"},{"name":"IMD\u2010Pharma  Toulouse Cedex 4 France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1396-8531","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"R\u00e9my","family":"Poupot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Toulousain des Maladies Infectieuses et Inflammatoires CHU Purpan  Toulouse Cedex 3 France"},{"name":"Infinity Universit\u00e9 Toulouse, CNRS, INSERM, UPS  Toulouse France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mabi.202000242"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biom11111568"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0197-4580(00)00124-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/764518"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.ai.2020.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cbic.200500203"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1221708110"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1100369"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(14)61909-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-1978-24702"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms8722"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119976530"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2004-04-1422"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bm9000298"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adtp.202000181"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(08)61620-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2297"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.199313081"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1099-0690(200203)2002:6<1085::AID-EJOC1085>3.0.CO;2-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-35393-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/ar4546"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","unstructured":"Denkewalter R. 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