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This evidence supports the existence of a higher\u2010order structure of psychopathology at both the genetic and phenotypic levels. Despite recent efforts by collaborative consortia such as the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP), this structure remains unclear. In this study, we tested multiple alternative structural models of psychopathology at the genomic level, using the genetic correlations among fourteen psychiatric disorders and related psychological traits estimated from GWAS summary statistics. The best\u2010fitting model included four correlated higher\u2010order factors \u2013 externalizing, internalizing, thought problems, and neurodevelopmental disorders \u2013 which showed distinct patterns of genetic correlations with external validity variables and accounted for substantial genetic variance in their constituent disorders. A bifactor model including a general factor of psychopathology as well as the four specific factors fit worse than the above model. Several model modifications were tested to explore the placement of some disorders \u2013 such as bipolar disorder, obsessive\u2010compulsive disorder, and eating disorders \u2013 within the broader psychopathology structure. The best\u2010fitting model indicated that eating disorders and obsessive\u2010compulsive disorder, on the one hand, and bipolar disorder and schizophrenia, on the other, load together on the same thought problems factor. These findings provide support for several of the HiTOP higher\u2010order dimensions and suggest a similar structure of psychopathology at the genomic and phenotypic levels.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20772","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,21]],"date-time":"2020-09-21T15:02:32Z","timestamp":1600700552000},"page":"350-359","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":67,"title":["Testing structural models of psychopathology at the genomic level"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Irwin D.","family":"Waldman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Emory University  Atlanta GA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Holly E.","family":"Poore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Emory University  Atlanta GA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justin 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