{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T21:28:56Z","timestamp":1791926936733,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,10]],"date-time":"2024-05-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1715299200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["World Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Psychotherapies are first\u2010line treatments for most mental disorders, but their absolute outcomes (i.e., response and remission rates) are not well studied, despite the relevance of such information for health care users, providers and policy makers. We aimed to examine absolute and relative outcomes of psychotherapies across eight mental disorders: major depressive disorder (MDD), social anxiety disorder, panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), specific phobia, post\u2010traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), obsessive\u2010compulsive disorder (OCD), and borderline personality disorder (BPD). We used a series of living systematic reviews included in the Metapsy initiative (<jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.metapsy.org\">www.metapsy.org<\/jats:ext-link>), with a common strategy for literature search, inclusion of studies and extraction of data, and a common format for the analyses. Literature search was conducted in major bibliographical databases (PubMed, PsycINFO, Embase, and the Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials) up to January 1, 2023. We included randomized controlled trials comparing psychotherapies for any of the eight mental disorders, established by a diagnostic interview, with a control group (waitlist, care\u2010as\u2010usual, or pill placebo). We conducted random\u2010effects model pairwise meta\u2010analyses. The main outcome was the absolute rate of response (at least 50% symptom reduction between baseline and post\u2010test) in the treatment and control conditions. Secondary outcomes included the relative risk (RR) of response, and the number needed to treat (NNT). Random\u2010effects meta\u2010analyses of the included 441 trials (33,881 patients) indicated modest response rates for psychotherapies: 0.42 (95% CI: 0.39\u20100.45) for MDD; 0.38 (95% CI: 0.33\u20100.43) for PTSD; 0.38 (95% CI: 0.30\u20100.47) for OCD; 0.38 (95% CI: 0.33\u20100.43) for panic disorder; 0.36 (95% CI: 0.30\u20100.42) for GAD; 0.32 (95% CI: 0.29\u20100.37) for social anxiety disorder; 0.32 (95% CI: 0.23\u20100.42) for specific phobia; and 0.24 (95% CI: 0.15\u20100.36) for BPD. Most sensitivity analyses broadly supported these findings. The RRs were significant for all disorders, except BPD. Our conclusion is that most psychotherapies for the eight mental disorders are effective compared with control conditions, but absolute response rates are modest. More effective treatments and interventions for those not responding to a first\u2010line treatment are needed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.21203","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,10]],"date-time":"2024-05-10T11:48:11Z","timestamp":1715341691000},"page":"267-275","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":163,"title":["Absolute and relative outcomes of psychotherapies for eight mental disorders: a systematic review and meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Pim","family":"Cuijpers","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute Vrije Universiteit  Amsterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"International\u00a0Institute for Psychotherapy Babe\u0219\u2010Bolyai University  Cluj\u2010Napoca 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Charit\u00e9 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin; Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin and Humboldt Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin  Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rory A.","family":"Pfund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tennessee Institute for Gambling Education &amp; Research, Department of Psychology University of Memphis  Memphis TN USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kim","family":"Setkowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Department  113 Suicide Prevention, Amsterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Pedagogical and Educational Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences University of Groningen  Groningen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paula P.","family":"Schnurr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for PTSD  White River Junction VT USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Geisel 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