{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T00:41:51Z","timestamp":1791852111191,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":137,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,17]],"date-time":"2011-11-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1321488000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["WIREs RNA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Faithful translation of the genetic code during protein synthesis is fundamental to the growth, development, and function of living organisms. Aminoacyl\u2010tRNA synthetases (AARSs), which define the genetic code by correctly pairing amino acids with their cognate tRNAs, are responsible for \u2018quality control\u2019 in the flow of information from a gene to a protein. When differences in binding energies of amino acids to an AARS are inadequate, editing is used to achieve high selectivity. Editing occurs at the synthetic active site by hydrolysis of noncognate aminoacyl\u2010adenylates (<jats:italic>pretransfer editing<\/jats:italic>) and at a dedicated editing site located in a separate domain by deacylation of mischarged aminoacyl\u2010tRNA (<jats:italic>posttransfer editing<\/jats:italic>). Access of nonprotein amino acids, such as homocysteine or ornithine, to the genetic code is prevented by the editing function of AARSs, which functionally partitions amino acids present in living cells into <jats:italic>protein<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>nonprotein<\/jats:italic> amino acids. Continuous editing is part of the tRNA aminoacylation process in living organisms from bacteria to human beings. Preventing mistranslation by the clearance of misactivated amino acids is crucial to cellular homeostasis and has a role in etiology of disease. Although there is a strong selective pressure to minimize mistranslation, some organisms possess error\u2010prone AARSs that cause mistranslation. Elevated levels of mistranslation and the synthesis of statistical proteins can be beneficial for pathogens by increasing phenotypic variation essential for the evasion of host defenses. <jats:italic>WIREs RNA<\/jats:italic> 2012, 3:295\u2013310. doi: 10.1002\/wrna.122<\/jats:p><jats:p>This article is categorized under:\n<jats:list list-type=\"explicit-label\">\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>RNA Evolution and Genomics &gt; RNA and Ribonucleoprotein Evolution<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Translation &gt; Translation Mechanisms<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>RNA Processing &gt; tRNA Processing<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>RNA in Disease and Development &gt; RNA in Disease<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/wrna.122","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,17]],"date-time":"2011-11-17T18:12:22Z","timestamp":1321553542000},"page":"295-310","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":78,"title":["Quality control in tRNA charging"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Hieronim","family":"Jakubowski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_1_2_1","first-page":"573","volume-title":"Catalysis of tRNA aminoacylation by class I and class II aminoacyl\u2010tRNA synthetases","author":"First EA.","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm2956"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"JakubowskiH.tRNA synthetase editing of amino acids. In:Encyclopedia of Life Sciences.Chichester: John Wiley & Sons; 2005. Available at:http:\/\/www.els.net\/doi:10.1038\/npg.els.0003933. (Accessed August 20 2011).","DOI":"10.1038\/npg.els.0003933"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_1_5_1","first-page":"113","volume-title":"The origin and role of N\u2010homocysteinylated proteins in cardiovascular disease.","author":"Jakubowski H.","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-387042-1.00005-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_1_7_1","volume-title":"Biochemistry","author":"Metzler DE.","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chembiol.2006.08.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2472"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_2_2","volume-title":"Structure and mechanism in protein science.","author":"Fersht A.","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/347249a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.90.24.11553"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.280.5363.578"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)00191-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1128\/mr.53.3.273-298.1989","article-title":"Errors and alternatives in reading the universal genetic code.","volume":"53","author":"Parker J.","year":"1989","journal-title":"Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.73.4.1164"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.74.6.2246"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01936918"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1128\/mr.56.3.412-429.1992","article-title":"Editing of errors in selection of amino acids for protein synthesis.","volume":"56","author":"Jakubowski H","year":"1992","journal-title":"Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.286.5446.1897"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.286.5446.1893"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.micro.091208.073210"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.emboj.7600599"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_16_2","first-page":"68","volume-title":"Accuracy in Molecular Processes.","author":"Fersht AR.","year":"1986"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_17_2","first-page":"384","volume-title":"The Aminoacyl\u2010tRNA Synthetases.","author":"Jakubowski H.","year":"2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.18388\/abp.2001_3918","article-title":"The fidelity of the translation of the genetic code.","volume":"48","author":"Sankaranarayanan R","year":"2001","journal-title":"Acta Biochim Pol"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2009.11.071"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi801500z"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1110\/ps.037242.108"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.18388\/abp.2011_2259","article-title":"Quality control in tRNA charging\u2014editing of homocysteine.","volume":"58","author":"Jakubowski H.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Acta Biochim Pol"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi0103213"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M206928200"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi990629i"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1474","DOI":"10.1021\/bi1013535","article-title":"Substrate specificity and catalysis by the editing active site of Alanyl\u2010tRNA synthetase from Escherichia coli.","volume":"50","author":"Pasman Z","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0809336105"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71287134.","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M709902200","article-title":"Transfer RNA modulates the editing mechanism used by class II prolyl\u2010tRNA synthetase.","volume":"283","author":"Splan KE","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1016460108"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_30_2","volume-title":"Festschrift Arthur Stoll.","author":"Pauling L.","year":"1957"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/9.13.3105"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.270.30.17672"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08612"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/24.13.2505"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi960344v"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.C000280200"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M110.105320"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.C000577200"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00660a026"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00313a015"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-2836(67)90259-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M005166200"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nsmb943"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M106550200"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)96841-9","article-title":"Transfer ribonucleic acid\u2010induced hydrolysis of valyladenylate bound to isoleucyl ribonucleic acid synthetase.","volume":"241","author":"Baldwin AN","year":"1966","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2961","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)45304-0","article-title":"Rapid deacylation by isoleucyl transfer ribonucleic acid synthetase of isoleucine\u2010specific transfer ribonucleic acid aminoacylated with valine.","volume":"247","author":"Eldred EW","year":"1972","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.69.7.1915"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00624a034"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00563a021"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(78)81001-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M110.133553"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2007.09.058"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M806717200"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.87.12.4504"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1991.tb07986.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.7.2755"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2004.10.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1014299107"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.emboj.7601278"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0606272104"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi970589n"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.06-7435com"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2284","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2009.01.031","article-title":"Identification and quantification of the atypical metabolite ornithine\u2010lactam in human plasma by liquid chromatography\u2010tandem mass spectrometry (LC\u2010MS\/MS).","volume":"877","author":"Martens\u2010Lobenhoffer J","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-8981(78)90186-9","article-title":"3\u2010Amino\u20102\u2010piperidone in the urine of patients with hyperornithinemia.","volume":"87","author":"Oberholzer VG","year":"1978","journal-title":"Clin Chim Acta"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-8981(78)90185-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi972528v"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/23.22.4608"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi047576b"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1007470107"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jmbi.2001.4408"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi901111y"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi047901v"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M508281200"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_74_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8146659"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_75_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00035a028"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_76_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/384033b0"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_77_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi0004798"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_78_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.012611299"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_79_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0904645106"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_80_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M309627200"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_81_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.emboj.7600474"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_82_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0803531105"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_83_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0901572106"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_84_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2009.01.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_85_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/cdg065"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_86_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1261\/rna.684107"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_87_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M805943200"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_88_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M502174200"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_89_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0403926101"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_90_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05096"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_91_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1019400108"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_92_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M808173200"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_93_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.276.5316.1250"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_94_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkn028"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_95_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M307080200"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_96_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06454"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_97_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00610a006"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_98_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1057718"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_99_2","volume-title":"Genes VII.","author":"Lewin B.","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_100_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M211819200"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_101_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.08-127548"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_102_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.200600785"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_103_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/CCLM.2007.338"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_104_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(93)81283-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_105_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.026609-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_106_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0809179105"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_107_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0402893101"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_108_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00622-07"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_109_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1000315107"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_110_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cb900105q"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_111_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08576"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_112_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-6603(08)60006-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_113_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1019033108"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_114_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.08-118414"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_115_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0802862105"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_116_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcn.2010.11.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_117_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2009.12.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_118_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2005.01364.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_119_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1935","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)67504-6","article-title":"Metabolism of homocysteine thiolactone in human cell cultures. Possible mechanism for pathological consequences of elevated homocysteine levels.","volume":"272","author":"Jakubowski H.","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_120_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.13.15.2277"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_121_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.87.1.45"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_122_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.08-112086"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_123_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2008.04.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_124_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cccn.2005.07.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_125_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12325-008-0097-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_126_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00726-010-0627-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_127_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.10014"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_128_2","first-page":"2007","volume-title":"The Metabolic and Molecular Bases of Inherited Disease","author":"Mudd SH","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_129_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11010-006-9204-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_130_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M312948200"}],"container-title":["WIREs RNA"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fwrna.122","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fwrna.122","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/wires.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/wrna.122","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,25]],"date-time":"2023-09-25T00:59:28Z","timestamp":1695603568000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/wires.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/wrna.122"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,17]]},"references-count":137,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/wrna.122"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/wrna.122","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1757-7004","1757-7012"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1757-7004","type":"print"},{"value":"1757-7012","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,17]]}}}