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These hemoflagellates are distinguished by a single mitochondrion, which contains a kinetoplast nucleoid composed of DNA and histone\u2010like proteins. Kinetoplast DNA (kDNA) represents a densely packed network of interlinked relaxed circular molecules: a few ~23\u2010kb maxicircles encoding ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs) and proteins, and approximately 5,000 1\u2010kb minicircles bearing guide RNA (gRNA) genes. The transcription start site defines the mRNA's 5\u2032 terminus while the primary RNA is remodeled into a monocistronic messenger by 3\u2032\u20135\u2032 exonucleolytic trimming, 5\u2032 and 3\u2032 end modifications, and, in most cases, by internal U\u2010insertion\/deletion editing. Ribosomal and guide RNA precursors are also trimmed, and the processed molecules are uridylated. For 35\u2009years, mRNA editing has attracted a major effort, but more recently the essential pre\u2010 and postediting processing and turnover events have been discovered and the key effectors have been identified. Among these, pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) RNA binding proteins emerged as conduits coupling modifications of mRNA termini with internal sequence changes introduced by editing. Among 39 annotated PPRs, 20 belong to ribosomal subunits or assembly intermediates, four function as polyadenylation factors, a single factor directs 5\u2032 mRNA modification, and one protein is found in F1\u2010ATPase. Nuclear and mitochondrial RNases P consist of a single PPR polypeptide, PRORP1 and PROP2, respectively. Here, we review PPR\u2010mediated mitochondrial processes and discuss their potential roles in mRNA maturation, quality control, translational activation, and decay.<\/jats:p><jats:p>This article is categorized under:<jats:list list-type=\"simple\">\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>RNA Processing &gt; Capping and 5\u2032 End Modifications<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>RNA Processing &gt; 3\u2032 End Processing<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>RNA Processing &gt; RNA Editing and Modification<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/wrna.1638","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,18]],"date-time":"2020-12-18T05:25:47Z","timestamp":1608269147000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Mitochondrial RNA quality control in 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