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Many RTKs are essential to development and organ growth. Derangement of RTKs\u2014by mutation or by overexpression\u2014is central to several developmental and adult disorders including cancer, short stature, and vascular pathologies. The mechanism of action of RTKs is complex and is regulated by contextual components, including the existence of multiple competing ligands and receptors in many families, the intracellular location of the RTK, the dynamic and cell\u2010specific coexpression of other RTKs, and the commonality of downstream signaling pathways. This means that both the state of the cell and the microenvironment outside the cell play a role, which makes sense given the pivotal location of RTKs as the nexus linking the extracellular milieu to intracellular signaling and modification of cell behavior. In this review, we describe these different contextual components through the lens of systems biology, in which both computational modeling and experimental \u201comics\u201d approaches have been used to better understand RTK networks. The complexity of these networks is such that using these systems biology approaches is necessary to get a handle on the mechanisms of pathology and the design of therapeutics targeting RTKs. In particular, we describe in detail three concrete examples (involving ErbB3, VEGFR2, and AXL) that illustrate how systems approaches can reveal key mechanistic and therapeutic insights.<\/jats:p><jats:p>This article is categorized under:\n<jats:list list-type=\"simple\">\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Biological Mechanisms &gt; Cell Signaling<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Models of Systems Properties and Processes &gt; Mechanistic Models<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Translational, Genomic, and Systems Medicine &gt; Therapeutic Methods<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list>\n<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/wsbm.1437","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,26]],"date-time":"2018-09-26T10:34:02Z","timestamp":1537958042000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Context\u2010dependent regulation of receptor tyrosine kinases: Insights from systems 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