{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T13:52:25Z","timestamp":1773237145463,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,3]],"date-time":"2012-12-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1354492800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Yeast"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aimed to determine the distribution of <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic> species in the oral cavity and differentiate the species based on PCR amplification, including <jats:italic>Hin<\/jats:italic>fI and <jats:italic>Msp<\/jats:italic>I digestion, in order to assess the effectiveness of using the rDNA region for species identification. Samples from saliva as well as palate, tongue and cheek mucosa surfaces were collected from 45 individuals, consisting of three groups: periodontal disease patients; denture\u2010wearers; and the control group. The samples were serially diluted, spread on BHI and YPD agar plates and scored for colony\u2010forming units (CFUs). Fifteen random candidal colonies were isolated and subjected to genomic DNA extraction, based on glass beads disruption. Four primers were used to amplify regions in the rDNA, and the ITSI\u20105.8S\u2010ITSII PCR product was digested by <jats:italic>Hin<\/jats:italic>fI and <jats:italic>Msp<\/jats:italic>I restriction enzymes. The microbial loads on all sites of the denture\u2010wearers were found to be significantly higher than control, while in the periodontal disease group only the microbial loads on the tongue were significantly higher than control. Meanwhile, there was no significant difference at other sites. The restriction fragment lengths of the clinical samples were compared to those of seven control species, allowing the differentiation of all seven species and the identification of 14 species from the clinical samples. The <jats:italic>Msp<\/jats:italic>I restriction digest was not able to distinguish between <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>albicans<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>dubliniensis<\/jats:italic>, whereas the <jats:italic>Hin<\/jats:italic>fI digest could not distinguish between <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>tropicalis<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>parapsilosis<\/jats:italic>. It was concluded that PCR\u2013RFLP of the candidal rDNA region has potential for species identification. This study demonstrates the potential use of candidal rDNA as a means for identifying <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic> species, based on genotype. The results also indicate the possibility of constructing genetic probes that target specific restriction fragments in the ITSI\u20105.8S\u2010ITSII region, enabling swift and precise identification of <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic> species. Copyright \u00a9 2012 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/yea.2937","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,9]],"date-time":"2012-11-09T04:57:20Z","timestamp":1352437040000},"page":"13-23","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Distribution of <i>Candida<\/i> in the oral cavity and its differentiation based on the internally transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of rDNA"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"R. A.","family":"Zahir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry University of Malaya  Kuala Lumpur Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"W. H.","family":"Himratul\u2010Aznita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry University of Malaya  Kuala Lumpur Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/pmj.78.922.455"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9969(80)90147-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/10454411990100030701"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V96.7.2317"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2644","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.61.6.2644-2652.1993","article-title":"Human submandibular\u2013sublingual saliva promotes adhesion of Candida albicans to polymethylmethacrylate","volume":"61","author":"Edgerton M","year":"1993","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0902-0055.2003.00103.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.39.10.3617-3622.2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345890680050101"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.2600810102"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1295","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.60.4.1295-1301.1992","article-title":"Interleukin\u20106 response of epithelial cell lines to bacterial stimulation in vitro","volume":"60","author":"Hedges S","year":"1992","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/mmy.40.1.87.109"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.43.2.662-668.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1992.63.12s.1117"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2003.74.3.353"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/154405910508400614"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3314\/jjmm.47.225"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1522-2683(19990801)20:11<2299::AID-ELPS2299>3.0.CO;2-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-0690(18)30461-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.37.11.3533-3539.1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2842.2002.00947.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","first-page":"124","volume-title":"Oral Candidosis","author":"Samaranayake LP","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.308.6923.217"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0255-0857.62493"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.2005.00287.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ics.2005.06.071"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","first-page":"85","article-title":"Antimicrobial factors of saliva in relation to dental caries and salivary levels of mutant streptococci","volume":"20","author":"Tenovuo J","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Biol Buccale"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","first-page":"2","volume-title":"Human Microbial Ecology","author":"Theilade E","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.37.6.1846-1851.1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1986.tb01467.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-0825.2009.01618.x"}],"container-title":["Yeast"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fyea.2937","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/yea.2937","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,22]],"date-time":"2023-11-22T16:58:15Z","timestamp":1700672295000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/yea.2937"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,3]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/yea.2937"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/yea.2937","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0749-503X","1097-0061"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0749-503X","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-0061","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,3]]}}}