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To determine the potential of some honeys as alternative antifungal agents, we quantified the antifungal activity of 12 Western Australian honey samples, two Manuka honey samples and an artificial honey against 10 yeast isolates including clinical and reference strains. Results showed that the tested honeys varied in activity, and yeasts species also differed in susceptibility, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) determined by broth microdilution ranging from 8% to &gt;44% w\/v honey. Honeys with the highest overall activity were derived from Blackbutt (<jats:italic>Eucalyptus patens<\/jats:italic>), Jarrah (<jats:italic>E. marginata<\/jats:italic>), and Karri (<jats:italic>E. diversicolor<\/jats:italic>). The optical density of each MIC microtitre plate was determined after incubation and showed that at relatively low concentrations of honey the growth of all yeasts was enhanced compared to the untreated control, whereas at and above approximately 12% w\/v, honeys exerted a dose\u2010dependent growth inhibitory effect, the extent of which varied by honey type. Time\u2010kill studies with 64% w\/v honey showed that all eight of the natural honeys tested had greater fungicidal activity than the comparator artificial honey. Our findings suggest that the specific nectar\u2010derived phytochemicals present within each honey play an important role in antifungal activity, and support the notion that activity is due to a combination of factors including osmotic activity, hydrogen peroxide and phytochemical compounds. These data indicate that honey is worthy of further investigation as a potential therapeutic agent for superficial yeast infections.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/yea.3974","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,20]],"date-time":"2024-07-20T06:34:26Z","timestamp":1721457266000},"page":"537-548","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["In vitro activity of Western Australian honeys and Manuka honey against clinically important yeasts"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0264-0215","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robbie R.","family":"Haines","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Sciences The University of Western Australia Crawley Australia"},{"name":"Cooperative Research Centre for Honey Bee Products Limited (CRC HBP) The University of Western Australia Crawley Australia"},{"name":"The Marshall Centre for Infectious Diseases Research and Training, School of Biomedical Sciences Crawley Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuhui","family":"Xi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Sciences The University of Western Australia Crawley Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathryn J.","family":"Green","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Sciences The University of Western Australia Crawley Australia"},{"name":"Cooperative Research Centre for Honey Bee Products Limited (CRC HBP) The University of Western Australia Crawley Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine A.","family":"Hammer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Sciences The University of Western Australia Crawley Australia"},{"name":"Cooperative Research Centre for Honey Bee Products Limited (CRC HBP) The University of Western Australia Crawley Australia"},{"name":"The Marshall Centre for Infectious Diseases Research and Training, School of Biomedical Sciences Crawley Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,19]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Potential antibacterial activity of Yemeni sidr honey against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Streptococcus pyogenes","volume":"19","author":"Al\u2010kafaween M. 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