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This study was conducted at Asterix Park in France in April 2009. The study investigated the use of 21 familiar objects with a group of six bottlenose dolphins (<jats:italic>Tursiops truncatus<\/jats:italic>). The dolphin trainers introduced four different objects into the dolphin pool every day on a rotating basis. Using a focal\u2010object sampling method, we collected and analyzed data from twenty\u2010one 15\u2009min sessions. The results revealed a positive correlation between interest behaviors and interactive behaviors. Some dolphins had \u201cfavorite toys\u201d. However, only 50% of objects elicited manipulative behaviors. These findings demonstrate that dolphins do not treat all objects provided to them as \u201ctoys\u201d. Behavioral changes in the animals subsequent to the introduction of objects do not necessarily indicate an enrichment effect of the objects; rather, the motivation for the dolphins' behaviors toward the objects must be investigated. The animals' behavior must be considered in light of the social context and of the animals' individual behavioral profiles. The relevance of a constructivist approach to evaluating the effectiveness of enrichment programs is discussed. Zoo Biol 31: 137\u2013150, 2012. \u00a9 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/zoo.20383","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,14]],"date-time":"2011-11-14T15:21:43Z","timestamp":1321284103000},"page":"137-150","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Assessing the effectiveness of environmental enrichment in bottlenose dolphins (<i>Tursiops truncatus<\/i>)"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Delfour","family":"Fabienne","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Parc Asterix  Plailly France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beyer","family":"Helen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paris University  Villetaneuse France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1163\/156853974X00534"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","first-page":"97","volume-title":"Intentional communication and social play: how and why animals negotiate and agree to play","author":"Bekoff M","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","first-page":"67","volume-title":"Dolphin societies","author":"Bel'kovitch VM","year":"1991"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","unstructured":"Berglind M. 2005.Acoustic enrichment for dolphins in pool environments [unpublished master thesis]. 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