{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T18:21:55Z","timestamp":1784830915429,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,1]],"date-time":"2014-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1412121600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":30,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Diab\u00c3\u00a8te Qu\u00c3\u00a9bec"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Zoo Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p>Herein, we report a 25\u2010year\u2010old male polar bear suffering from a pancreatic islet cell tumor. The aim of this report is to present a case of this rare tumor in a captive polar bear. The implication of potential risk factors such as high carbohydrate diet or the presence of amyloid fibril deposits was assessed. Necropsy examination revealed several other changes, including nodules observed in the liver, spleen, pancreas, intestine, and thyroid glands that were submitted for histopathologic analysis. Interestingly, the multiple neoplastic nodules were unrelated and included a pancreatic islet cell tumor. Immunohistochemistry of the pancreas confirmed the presence of insulin and islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) within the pancreatic islet cells. The IAPP gene was extracted from the paraffin\u2010embedded liver tissue and sequenced. IAPP cDNA from the polar bear exhibits some differences as compared to the sequence published for several other species. Different factors responsible for neoplasms in bears such as diet, infectious agents, and industrial chemical exposure are reviewed. This case report raised several issues that further studies may address by evaluating the prevalence of cancers in captive or wild animals. Zoo Biol. 33:446\u2013451, 2014. \u00a9 2014 Wiley Periodicals Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/zoo.21172","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,1]],"date-time":"2014-10-01T14:59:05Z","timestamp":1412175545000},"page":"446-451","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Characterization of a pancreatic islet cell tumor in a polar bear (<i>Ursus maritimus<\/i>)"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Jessica S.","family":"Fortin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"D\u00e9partement de Pathologie et Microbiologie Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine V\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al St\u2010Hyacinthe Qu\u00e9bec Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie\u2010Odile","family":"Benoit\u2010Biancamano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"D\u00e9partement de Pathologie et Microbiologie Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine V\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al St\u2010Hyacinthe Qu\u00e9bec Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/030098588001700307"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1741","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1996.209.10.1741","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of insulin\u2010secreting pancreatic islet cell tumors in ferrets: 57 cases (1986\u20131994)","volume":"209","author":"Caplan RE","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvex.2007.09.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1314","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1984.185.11.1314","article-title":"Extrahepatic biliary carcinoma in sloth bears","volume":"185","author":"Gosselin SJ","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","first-page":"262","article-title":"The occurrence of tumors in large bears (Ursidae)\u2014a literature review and six case descriptions","volume":"104","author":"Hellmann J","year":"1991","journal-title":"Berl Munch Tierarztl Wochenschr"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/13506129409148447"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/030098589603300405"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.2005.00055.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.71.905"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.10-0034"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1256","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1985.187.11.1256","article-title":"Hepatic neoplasia in two polar bears","volume":"187","author":"Miller RE","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/030098589002700307"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/13506129.2011.627956"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2010.03.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","first-page":"82","article-title":"Thyroid cystadenoma, colloid goiter, and hyperthyroisism in an American black bear (Ursus americanus)","volume":"35","author":"Storms NT","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am Assoc Zoo Vet"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/030098589503200410"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","first-page":"339","article-title":"Insulinoma in 2 guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus)","volume":"46","author":"Vannevel JY","year":"2005","journal-title":"Can Vet J\u2010Rev Vet Can"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jcpa.1998.0277"}],"container-title":["Zoo Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fzoo.21172","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/zoo.21172","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,4]],"date-time":"2025-05-04T23:28:30Z","timestamp":1746401310000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/zoo.21172"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,9]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/zoo.21172"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/zoo.21172","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0733-3188","1098-2361"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0733-3188","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-2361","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,9]]}}}