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We therefore explored the epidemiology of this syndrome through an analysis of husbandry and veterinary conditions of 63 Andean bears (26M:37F) housed in North and South American zoos and other ex situ circumstances. We had the most complete information for the North American population and found that 29% of females (<jats:italic>n\u2009=\u2009<\/jats:italic>24) were affected. No males (<jats:italic>n\u2009=\u2009<\/jats:italic>26) were affected. An analysis of generalized linear models indicated that three models were competitive in describing the occurrence of the condition (i.e., \u0394AIC<jats:sub>c<\/jats:sub>\u2009\u2009\u2264\u20092): the model including only the individual's sex (<jats:italic>\u03c7<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u200913.41, df\u2009=\u20091, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001), the model including both individual sex and social housing status (<jats:italic>\u03c7<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u20091.36, df\u2009=\u20092, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001), and the model including both individual sex and the expression of stereotypical behaviors (<jats:italic>\u03c7<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u200913.82, df\u2009=\u20092, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.001). Stereotypical behaviors were common among both males (50%, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200926) and females (51.9%, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200927) whether or not they were affected, but the syndrome was seen only in females who had been socially housed. Therefore, we suggest that the Andean bear alopecia syndrome is a symptomatic response to the long\u2010term social housing of bears that would otherwise not live socially. To prevent new cases, we recommend that female Andean bears be housed with adult conspecifics only when females choose to cohabitate.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/zoo.21512","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,16]],"date-time":"2019-08-16T12:30:10Z","timestamp":1565958610000},"page":"434-441","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["The Andean bear alopecia syndrome may be caused by social housing"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5789-8822","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Russell C.","family":"Van Horn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Conservation Research San Diego Zoo Global  San Diego California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meg","family":"Sutherland\u2010Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Services San Diego Zoo Global  San Diego California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9s E.","family":"Bracho Sarcos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SENA \u2013 National Learning Service, Regional Meta Agroindustrial Center of Meta  Granada Meta Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gaylene","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Collections and Husbandry Services San Diego Zoo Global  San Diego California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacob A.","family":"Shanks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Collections and Husbandry Services San Diego Zoo Global  San Diego California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1655-3972","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Megan A.","family":"Owen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Conservation Research San Diego Zoo Global  San Diego California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cobi.12471"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jzo.12553"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-1090.1981.tb01968.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_5_1","unstructured":"Blake C.N. &Collins D.(2002).Captive ursids: Results and selected findings of a multi\u2010institutional survey. 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