{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T06:23:58Z","timestamp":1792218238465,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,25]],"date-time":"2024-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727222400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,25]],"date-time":"2024-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727222400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008144","name":"Alaska Department of Fish and Game","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008144","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Zoo Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Hand\u2010reared animals are invaluable and irreplaceable in studies of wildlife nutrition. Hand\u2010rearing protocols provide insights into dietary and training programs, but less information is available on disease management. In young ruminants, thiamin (Vitamin B1) deficiency is a particularly important disease that is treatable early in the disease process, but otherwise can be fatal. In this husbandry report, we describe a case of suspected thiamin deficiency in a hand\u2010reared calf (\n                    <jats:italic>Rangifer tarandus granti<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) that resulted in clinical signs of polioencephalomalacia and persisted for &gt;\u20093 months. We attempted treatment with thiamin injections; injections resolved clinical signs of disease, but clinical signs of disease returned once injections stopped. After &gt;\u20092 months of thiamin injections, the caribou calf received a rumen transfaunation from a fistulated moose (\n                    <jats:italic>Alces alces<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) housed at the same facility. Following rumen transfaunation, we did not observe signs of thiamin deficiency. The calf outgrew other females in the cohort initially and shows no long\u2010term effects of thiamin deficiency or polioencephalomalacia. We recommend rumen transfaunation when thiamin deficiency is suspected and does not resolve with thiamin injections alone. We also recommend heterospecific donors if conspecific donors are not available.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/zoo.21864","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,25]],"date-time":"2024-09-25T12:38:53Z","timestamp":1727267933000},"page":"580-584","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Suspected Case of Persistent Thiamin Deficiency in a Hand\u2010Reared Caribou Calf"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"43","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0902-8213","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kristin","family":"Denryter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Foraging Ecology and Wildlife Nutritional Analysis (FaWNA) Lab Alaska Department of Fish and Game Palmer Alaska USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kimberlee B.","family":"Beckmen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Services, Alaska Department of Fish and Game Fairbanks Alaska USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2013.07.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"A Review of Polioencephalomalacia in Ruminants: Is the Development of Malacic Lesions Associated With Excess Sulfur Intake Independent of Thiamine Deficiency?","volume":"1","author":"Amat S.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Veterinary Medicine and Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.36560\/13420201042"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/wmon.1020"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jwmg.22161"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/cjz-2016-0114"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2014.05.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.1986.251.1.R143"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","first-page":"1186","volume-title":"The Enzymes","author":"Harris R. S.","year":"1951"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3800376"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(84)81564-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","unstructured":"L\u00e9vy M.2022.Polioencephalomalacia in ruminants. Merck Veterinary Manual (online).https:\/\/www.merckvetmanual.com\/nervous-system\/polioencephalomalacia\/polioencephalomalacia-in-ruminants."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","first-page":"145","article-title":"Thiaminase Activities and Thiamine Content of Pteridium aquilinum, Equisetum Ramosissimum, Malva Parviflora, Pennisetum Clandestinum and Medicago Sativa","volume":"56","author":"Meyer P.","year":"1989","journal-title":"Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","volume-title":"Mineral Tolerance of Animals","author":"National Research Council","year":"2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114518001666"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/zoo.21046"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/z87-004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","first-page":"174","article-title":"A New Fawn Feeding Schedule","volume":"13","author":"Pekins P. J.","year":"1985","journal-title":"Wildlife Society Bulletin"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","volume-title":"Wildlife Feeding and Nutrition","author":"Robbins C. T.","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3799948"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-2361(1997)16:6<495::AID-ZOO3>3.0.CO;2-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3802169"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jpn.13232"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3801789"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1678-5150-pvb-6072"}],"container-title":["Zoo Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/zoo.21864","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/zoo.21864","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/zoo.21864","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T20:11:31Z","timestamp":1787083891000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/zoo.21864"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,25]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/zoo.21864"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/zoo.21864","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0733-3188","1098-2361"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0733-3188","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-2361","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-01-13","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-08-22","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-09-25","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}