{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,5]],"date-time":"2025-04-05T04:10:15Z","timestamp":1743826215637,"version":"3.40.3"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,20]],"date-time":"2025-02-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740009600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Zoo Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>The shell of crocodilian eggs is highly fragile, especially during the early stages of development, making them susceptible to cracking during laying or collection, often resulting in embryo mortality. While numerous studies have explored various techniques for artificially incubating eggs to improve hatching success, particularly concerning issues with eggshells, there is limited information available on this topic for crocodilians. The objective of this research was to assess the hatching and survival success of cracked eggs using the windowing method and ex ovo incubation of <jats:italic>Caiman latirostris<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>C. latirostris<\/jats:italic>) embryos in a culture vessel. We used fertile eggs with cracked shells for the windowing eggs (WE) and ex ovo incubation (EE) treatments, and fertile noncracked eggs shell as control treatment. To ensure contamination\u2010free incubation, all eggs were cleaned with alcohol. In the WE treatment, an eggshell section was removed, while in the EE treatment, embryos were removed from the eggshells. Each treatment was incubated in a culture vessel containing an aqueous antimicrobial solution at 31\u2009\u00b1\u20091\u00b0C. After 38 days of incubation in the culture vessel, the hatching success rates were as follows: 66.67% for WE, 0% for EE, and 100% for the control. Subsequently, the survival of hatchlings from the WE and control groups was 100%. The results suggest that incubation in artificial culture vessels enhances the viability and hatching success of <jats:italic>C. latirostris<\/jats:italic> cracked eggs. It works as an effective antimicrobial barrier maintaining sterile conditions and does not interfere with embryonic development. Moreover, the WE method offers unique possibilities for the monitoring of developmental studies and other manipulations of crocodilian embryos. However, the EE method is not advisable, as it does not reproduce the conditions inside the egg.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/zoo.21892","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T07:31:11Z","timestamp":1740123071000},"page":"197-201","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Egg Windowing and Plastic Culture System in <i>Caiman latirostris<\/i> Embryos, Improving Hatching Success and Offer Potential Management Applications"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Julieta","family":"Cainelli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Zoolog\u00eda Aplicada: Anexo Vertebrados (FHUC \u2010 UNL\/MMA) Santa Fe Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Trinidad","family":"Cordero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Zoolog\u00eda Aplicada: Anexo Vertebrados (FHUC \u2010 UNL\/MMA) Santa Fe Argentina"},{"name":"Laboratorio de Ecolog\u00eda Molecular Aplicada, Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral Universidad Nacional del Litoral\/Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y T\u00e9cnicas, Esperanza Santa Fe Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Virginia Parach\u00fa","family":"Marc\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Zoolog\u00eda Aplicada: Anexo Vertebrados (FHUC \u2010 UNL\/MMA) Santa Fe Argentina"},{"name":"Laboratorio de Ecolog\u00eda Molecular Aplicada, Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral Universidad Nacional del Litoral\/Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y T\u00e9cnicas, Esperanza Santa Fe Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8286-3074","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samuel","family":"Hilevski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Zoolog\u00eda Aplicada: Anexo Vertebrados (FHUC \u2010 UNL\/MMA) Santa Fe Argentina"},{"name":"Laboratorio de Ecolog\u00eda Molecular Aplicada, Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral Universidad Nacional del Litoral\/Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y T\u00e9cnicas, Esperanza Santa Fe Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pablo","family":"Siroski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Ecolog\u00eda Molecular Aplicada, Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral Universidad Nacional del Litoral\/Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y T\u00e9cnicas, Esperanza Santa Fe Argentina"},{"name":"Ministerio de Ambiente y Cambio Clim\u00e1tico, Gobierno de Santa Fe Santa Fe Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/zoo.21204"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","first-page":"191","volume-title":"Tratado de crocodilianos do Brasil","author":"Bassetti L.","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","article-title":"In Ovo Electroporations of HH Stage 10 Chicken Embryos","volume":"9","author":"Blank M. 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(Revisi\u00f3n Bibliogr\u00e1fica)","volume":"11","author":"Larriera A.","year":"1991","journal-title":"Revista Argentina de Producci\u00f3n Animal"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","first-page":"51","volume-title":"Manejo de fauna silvestre en Argentina","author":"Larriera A.","year":"2006"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","first-page":"73","article-title":"Caiman latirostris (Broad\u2010snouted Caiman) Nest Predation: Does Low Rainfall Facilitate Predator Access","volume":"7","author":"Larriera A.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Herpetological Natural History"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","article-title":"In Ovo Electroporation in the Chicken Auditory Brainstem","volume":"124","author":"Lu T.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Visualized Experiments"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","first-page":"79","volume-title":"Best Management Practices for Crocodilian Farming","author":"Manolis S. 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