{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T17:10:05Z","timestamp":1773162605275,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"American Geophysical Union (AGU)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,28]],"date-time":"2015-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1422403200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":27,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010560","name":"EUMETSAT","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010560","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"NWP SAF part of the SAF network"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JGR Oceans"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The direction of the energy cascade in the mesoscales of atmospheric turbulence is investigated using near\u2010surface winds over the tropical Pacific measured by satellite scatterometers SeaWinds (QuikSCAT) and ASCAT (MetOp\u2010A). The tropical Pacific was subdivided into nine regions, classified as rainy or dry. Longitudinal third\u2010order along\u2010track structure functions \n<jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/jgrc21053-math-0001.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:21699275:media:jgrc21053:jgrc21053-math-0001\"\/> and skewness \n<jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/jgrc21053-math-0002.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:21699275:media:jgrc21053:jgrc21053-math-0002\"\/> were calculated as a function of separation \n<jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/jgrc21053-math-0003.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:21699275:media:jgrc21053:jgrc21053-math-0003\"\/> for each region and month during the period November 2008 to October 2009. We find that the results support both downscale and upscale interpretations, depending on region and month. The results indicate that normally energy cascades downscale, but cascades upscale over the cold tongue in the cold season and over the west Pacific in summer months. An explanation is offered based on the heating or cooling of the air by the underlying sea surface temperature. It is also found that the signature of intermittent small\u2010scale (&lt;100 km) events could be identified in graphs of \n<jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/jgrc21053-math-0004.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:21699275:media:jgrc21053:jgrc21053-math-0004\"\/>, implying that this diagnostic may be useful in the studies of tropical disturbances.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/2014jc009993","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,23]],"date-time":"2014-12-23T22:18:43Z","timestamp":1419373123000},"page":"346-361","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Upscale and downscale energy transfer over the tropical <scp>P<\/scp>acific revealed by scatterometer winds"],"prefix":"10.1029","volume":"120","author":[{"given":"Gregory P.","family":"King","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing China"},{"name":"Centro de Geofisica\u2014IDL, Campo Grande, Edificio 8, Universidade de Lisboa Lisboa Portugal"},{"name":"Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciencia Oeiras Portugal"},{"name":"Institute of Marine Sciences (ICM\u2010CSIC) Passeig Mar\u00edtim Barceloneta Barcelona Spain"}]},{"given":"Jur","family":"Vogelzang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute De Bilt Netherlands"}]},{"given":"Ad","family":"Stoffelen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute De Bilt Netherlands"}]}],"member":"13","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022112096004090"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-fluid-120710-101240"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.61.R29"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/grl.50335"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1175\/1520-0469(1971)028<1087:GT>2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1091901"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2000JD900814"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2001JD900079"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/97JD02151"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.204.4395.832"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5589\/m02-035"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TGRS.2012.2235843."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9781139170666","volume-title":"Turbulence: The Legacy of A. N. Kolmogorov","author":"Frisch U.","year":"1995"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1175\/1520-0469(1979)036<1950:EFALIR>2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02506061"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/2014JC009992"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","unstructured":"KNMI (2013) ASCAT Wind Product User Manual EUMETSAT OSI SAF report SAF\/OSI\/CDOP\/KNMI\/TEC\/MA\/126 KNMI De Bilt Netherlands. [Available atwww.knmi.nl\/scatterometer.]"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","volume-title":"Fluid Mechanics","author":"Landau L. D.","year":"1987"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Laupattarakasem P. W. L.Jones K.Ahmad andS.Veleva(2005) Calibration\/validation of the Sea\/Winds radiometer rain rate algorithm inProceedings of MTS\/IEEE OCEANS vol.3 pp.2601\u20132604 IEEE N. Y. doi:10.1109\/OCEANS.2005.1640163.","DOI":"10.1109\/OCEANS.2005.1640163"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1175\/1520-0469(1983)040<0749:STATMV>2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1175\/1520-0469(1989)046<2026:TDTGBE>2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LGRS.2014.2298095"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022112099004851"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1175\/JAS3864.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2000JD900815"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-9-5007-2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1175\/2007JAS2660.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1175\/1520-0469(1985)042<0950:ACOAWS>2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/310036a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5589\/m02-040"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1256\/qj.02.205"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dynatmoce.2008.01.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/36.981351"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TGRS.2005.862502"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tsai W.\u2010T. M.Spencer C.Wu C.Winn andK.Kellogg(2000) SeaWinds on QuikSCAT: Sensor description and mission overview \" Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. InProceedings IGARSS 2000. IEEE 2000 International vol.3 pp.1021\u20131023 doi:10.1109\/IGARSS.2000.858008.","DOI":"10.1109\/IGARSS.2000.858008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/GL009i005p00575"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1175\/2008JTECHA1232.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2010JC006640"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_1","unstructured":"Wyrtki K.(1989) Some thoughts about the west Pacific warm pool inProceedings of the Western Pacific International Meeting and Workshop on TOGA COARE edited by J. Picaut R. Lucas and T. Delcroix pp. 99\u2013109 ORSTUM Cent. de Nouma New Caledonia N. Z."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.3275861"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.60.5544"}],"container-title":["Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2F2014JC009993","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2F2014JC009993","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/2014JC009993","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,3]],"date-time":"2023-10-03T12:46:00Z","timestamp":1696337160000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/2014JC009993"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/2014JC009993"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/2014jc009993","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2169-9275","2169-9291"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2169-9275","type":"print"},{"value":"2169-9291","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]}}}