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A case study of deep convection which affected the city of Adra, Spain, on 6\u20137 September 2015, is successfully forecasted by the Weather Research and Forecasting model initialized with InSAR data assimilated by the three\u2010dimensional variational technique, with improved space and time distributions of precipitation, as observed by the local weather radar and rain gauge. This case study is exceptional because it consisted of two severe events 12\u00a0hr apart, with a timing that allows for the assimilation of both the ascending and descending satellite images, each for the initialization of each event. The same methodology applied to the network of Global Navigation Satellite System observations in Iberia, at the same times, failed to reproduce observed precipitation, although it also improved, in a more modest way, the forecast skill. The impact of precipitable water vapor data is shown to result from a direct increment of convective available potential energy, associated with important adjustments in the low\u2010level wind field, favoring its release in deep convection. It is suggested that InSAR images, complemented by dense Global Navigation Satellite System data, may provide a new source of water vapor data for weather forecasting, since their sampling frequency could reach the subdaily scale by merging different SAR platforms, or when future geosynchronous radar missions become operational.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/2017jd027472","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,1]],"date-time":"2018-03-01T02:52:47Z","timestamp":1519872767000},"page":"3341-3355","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["Assimilating InSAR Maps of Water Vapor to Improve Heavy Rainfall Forecasts: A Case Study With Two Successive Storms"],"prefix":"10.1029","volume":"123","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8027-2142","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro","family":"Mateus","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Dom Luiz, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias Universidade de Lisboa  Lisbon Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4288-9456","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro M. 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