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Three distinct precipitin systems were identified and referred to as precipitins SS\u2010A and SS\u2010B, and rheumatoid arthritis precipitin. These studies show that precipitins SS\u2010A and SS\u2010B are present in high frequency in sera of patients with SS without associated rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and are absent or present in low frequency in many other connective tissue diseases. On the other hand patients with SS who also had clinical features compatible with RA (SS\u2010RA) did not have precipitins SS\u2010A and SS\u2010B but had rheumatoid arthritis precipitin (RAP). The latter precipitin was also present in RA patients in a similar order of frequency as in SS\u2010RA. All three precipitin systems were shown to be reactions between immunoglobulins and cellular antigens. The origin of SS\u2010A and SS\u2010B antigens was demonstrated by immunofluorescence to be primarily from the nucleus but the origin of RAP in the cell has not been established.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780190214","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,14]],"date-time":"2007-02-14T17:46:04Z","timestamp":1171475164000},"page":"216-222","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":262,"title":["Differentiation and characterization of autoantibodies and their antigens in sj\u00f6gren's syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Margaret A.","family":"Alspaugh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Norman","family":"Talal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Eng M.","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1097\/00005792-196505000-00001","article-title":"Sj\u00f6gren's syndrome: a clinical, pathological and serological study of sixty\u2010two cases","volume":"44","author":"Bloch KH","year":"1965","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","first-page":"279","article-title":"Sj\u00f6gren's syndrome. 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