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Peak levels of macrophage cytostatic reactivity were found at about 7 days after drug injection and were only achieved by the highest doses of pyran tested. Macrophage activation was consistently higher in the peritoneal cavity than in the spleen, regardless of route of administration, in contrast to the failure of i.v. pyran to induce high NK reactivity in peritoneal exudate cells. At 2\u20133 days after pyran treatment of older mice, NK augmentation reached peak levels, but only minimal macrophage activation was found. Despite these differences, macrophages played a role in regulating NK activity in pyran\u2010treated mice. Functional macrophages appeared to be required for augmentation of NK activity by pyran, since boosting was impaired by prior <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> inoculation of silica. Macrophages also appeared able to inhibit NK activity. In younger mice that exhibited high spontaneous levels of NK activity, pyran treatment produced a substantial reduction in NK activity to levels below those of untreated mice. This depression coincided with the time of peak levels of macrophage cytostasis. Furthermore, removal of adherent cells from the spleen cells of these pyran\u2010treated mice resulted in levels of NK activity almost as high as those of untreated mice. The possibility that the depression of NK activity in young mice by pyran copolymer is due to suppressor cells is discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.2910240621","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,19]],"date-time":"2007-02-19T17:34:49Z","timestamp":1171906489000},"page":"819-825","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Activation of mouse macrophages by pyran copolymer and role in augmentation of natural killer activity"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Paolo","family":"Puccetti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Angela","family":"Santoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Carlo","family":"Riccardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Howard T.","family":"Holden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ronald B.","family":"Herberman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","first-page":"395","volume-title":"Fluorescence microscopy of lymphocytes and mononuclear phagocytes and the use of silica to eliminate the latter","author":"Allison A. 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