{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T18:43:02Z","timestamp":1770748982637,"version":"3.50.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,4]],"date-time":"2005-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1107475200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":8800,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal Cellular Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1981,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Treatment of human granulocytes with concanavalin A, phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), N\u2010formyl\u2010methionyl\u2010leucyl\u2010phenylalanine (FMLP), and A23187 (a calcium ionophore) stimulates the release of superoxide anion and the generation of chemiluminescence. The fluorescent probe, Di\u2010S\u2010C<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>(5), has been used to monitor shifts in membrane potential in response to these stimulants which precede the secretion of superoxide. Concanavalin A, PMA, and FMLP induce a biphasic shift in transmembrane potential (E<jats:sub>m<\/jats:sub>), i.e., a rapid depolarization followed by a prolonged hyperpolarization. This depolarization is dependent on both external sodium and calcium while the hyperpolarization is inhibited by ouabain which blocks the electrogenic Na\u2010K pump. In contrast, A23187 induces a rapid and prolonged depolarization. This monophasic shift in E<jats:sub>m<\/jats:sub> is dependent on external calcium. These results suggest that depolarization acts as a signal to initiate events associated with the \u201crespiratory burst\u201d of these phagocytes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.1041060109","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,26]],"date-time":"2005-02-26T16:09:53Z","timestamp":1109434193000},"page":"75-83","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Transmembrane potential changes associated with superoxide release from human granulocytes"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"106","author":[{"given":"G. 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