{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,21]],"date-time":"2026-03-21T00:47:52Z","timestamp":1774054072799,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":207,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,8]],"date-time":"2025-07-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751932800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,8]],"date-time":"2025-07-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751932800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Adv Healthcare Materials"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) are nanosized lipid\u2010bound particles that are pivotal for intercellular communication and actively participate in diverse physiological processes, including immune modulation, proteostasis, and tissue repair. EVs have emerged as promising therapeutic targets and biomarkers because of their significant roles in the pathogenesis of diseases, including cancer, neurodegeneration, and cardiovascular disorders. Despite extensive research on EVs as diagnostic tools and mediators of cellular signaling, the fundamental mechanisms underlying their biogenesis remain unclear. Consequently, this understanding of how the composition of EVs dynamically changes in response to physiological and pathological conditions is often limited, leading to lower diagnostic utility and slower advancements in clinical interventions and EVs engineering. This review explores the intricate mechanisms underlying EVs biogenesis and payload selection, emphasizing how these processes vary across EVs subclasses, thereby underpinning their functional versatility. The biogenetic pathways are highlighted from the ectocytosis\u2010driven generation of microvesicles and apoptotic body (ApoBDs) formation via membrane blebbing to the formation of exosomes within the endosomal compartments and their regulated release via exocytosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202501349","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,8]],"date-time":"2025-07-08T03:04:37Z","timestamp":1751943877000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Molecular Mechanisms of Extracellular Vesicle Biogenesis and Their Impact on the Design of Custom EVs"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-9749-9921","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lu\u00eds","family":"Carvalho Ferraz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"iNOVA4Health NOVA Medical School Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias M\u00e9dicas NMS|FCM Universidade NOVA de Lisboa  Lisbon 1169\u2010056 Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9908-2290","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulo","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"iNOVA4Health NOVA Medical School Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias M\u00e9dicas NMS|FCM Universidade NOVA de Lisboa  Lisbon 1169\u2010056 Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5897-7461","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o Vasco","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"iNOVA4Health NOVA Medical School Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias M\u00e9dicas NMS|FCM Universidade NOVA de Lisboa  Lisbon 1169\u2010056 Portugal"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.201211138"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/20013078.2018.1535750"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-023-01969-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcb.2015.01.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-291X(83)91776-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(83)90040-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3402\/jev.v2i0.20389"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcb.2023.06.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.148.7.2207"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2016.02.037"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/boc.202200116"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00109-013-1020-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-013-8544-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics13091405"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2018.10.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21072576"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C9LC01190K"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-0716-2176-9_2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13568-023-01592-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jex2.147"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","author":"Lees R.","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Visualized Exp."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jev2.12079"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.2c00806"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm.2017.125"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-024-01735-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2023.11.057"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12964-021-00730-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abm1140"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells14070548"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s43556-024-00230-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20101157"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3607"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.cdd.4402184"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2121-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms8439"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2011.09.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/BSR20180992"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2022.121634"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41422-018-0070-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202107991"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-021-03883-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1051\/jp2:1992238"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature02013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.114454"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.80.031901"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/2024.10.24.620077"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.68.061905"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2016.03.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.106.057801"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcb.2020.01.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcb.2008.11.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.064386"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2014.00442"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejcb.2022.151229"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/BJ20082422"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C8NR07269H"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2020.10.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamem.2021.183689"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1200448109"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fba.2020-00127"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/onc.2011.636"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21010158"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellsig.2024.111433"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms7919"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35036052"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-49678-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/epr.11.2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202300319"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2023.08.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm.2017.107"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcb.2011.09.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1153124"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cas.12747"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41556-019-0345-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-2736(03)00163-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2017.12.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_77_1","first-page":"255","volume-title":"Current Topics in Membranes","author":"Schwager S. C.","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2012.07.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-08-3860"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.3598"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3402\/jev.v5.33109"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/cc.26539"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.molpharmaceut.5b00364"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-16-2942"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/cr.2014.146"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/cr.2014.135"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_87_1","first-page":"379","volume":"32","author":"Yu L.","year":"2018","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/4525778"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tibs.2024.06.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-36596-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41422-023-00811-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cbin.12220"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2013.04.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcb.2014.12.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcdb.2022.03.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2016.09.055"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcdb.2022.03.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2021.06.040"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_99_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.biochem.78.081307.110540"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_100_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41565-021-00858-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_101_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0968-0004(83)90350-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_102_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceb.2005.06.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_103_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abq5209"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_104_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.216499"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_105_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12182312"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_106_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-42661-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_107_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.cellbio.12.1.575"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_108_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(91)90459-C"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_109_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24021337"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_110_1","first-page":"209","volume-title":"Progress in Brain Research","author":"Bott\u00e9 A.","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_111_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/membranes12050498"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_112_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-397925-4.00005-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_113_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/emboj.2011.286"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_114_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10409238.2010.502516"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_115_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08849"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_116_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm2937"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_117_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2012.01.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_118_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/ijmm.2016.2488"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_119_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-023-01685-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_120_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.3000301"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_121_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2024.150515"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_122_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15548627.2022.2092315"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_123_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms3980"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_124_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.53671"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_125_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12943-022-01671-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_126_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M110.107821"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_127_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpj.2017.05.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_128_1","first-page":"107","volume-title":"ESCRT and Membrane Protein Ubiquitination, in Endocytosis and Signaling","author":"Migliano S. M.","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_129_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2020.00680"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_130_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200707031"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_131_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07836"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_132_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells13151307"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_133_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0854.2011.01230.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_134_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb2502"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_135_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.e12-07-0544"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_136_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2014.04.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_137_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceb.2014.05.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_138_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2023.01.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_139_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.201904113"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_140_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2003-10-3614"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_141_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M109.041152"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_142_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13578-021-00650-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_143_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.154906"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_144_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3402\/jev.v4.27066"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_145_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/scd.2012.0095"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_146_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2012.11.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_147_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb1596"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_148_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jev2.12352"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_149_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-821618-7.00136-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_150_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.015909"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_151_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22147691"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_152_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41422-020-00409-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_153_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2023.114563"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_154_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms231810648"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_155_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2019.00200"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_156_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.0c00278"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_157_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1538-7445.AM2024-46"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_158_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12964-020-00581-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_159_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)62694-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_160_1","first-page":"17","volume":"13","author":"Zhang J.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proteomics. Bioinformatics"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_161_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12935-022-02743-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_162_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.202006178"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_163_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2202\/1544-6115.1260"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_164_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-02770-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_165_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mtna.2011.2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_166_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1745-6150-8-12"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_167_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2014.08.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_168_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09039"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_169_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.03.085"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_170_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2015.04.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_171_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.19276"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_172_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbapap.2017.03.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_173_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells9041044"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_174_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1134\/S0006297920020054"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_175_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0854.2004.00257.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_176_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_177_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(03)00111-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_178_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12964-020-00619-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_179_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2009.04.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_180_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200907122"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_181_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceb.2017.01.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_182_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.201408056"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_183_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/4186308"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_184_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.01114"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_185_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12929-016-0287-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_186_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_187_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2016.00042"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_188_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.e12-05-0343"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_189_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0067409"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_190_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41594-024-01388-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_191_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1117797109"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_192_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.189134"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_193_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.146.2.333"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_194_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1097-2765(00)00064-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_195_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-017-2595-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_196_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-0716-3287-1_17"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_197_1","volume":"9","author":"Lei Z.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Develop. Biol."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_198_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2020.00680"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_199_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-09720-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_200_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.201710132"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_201_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2007.11.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_202_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/JP279541"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_203_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00232-022-00267-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_204_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2020.119333"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_205_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13578-019-0282-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_206_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232315317"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_207_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12943-019-0963-9"}],"container-title":["Advanced Healthcare Materials"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/adhm.202501349","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/adhm.202501349","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/adhm.202501349","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T21:00:12Z","timestamp":1773003612000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/adhm.202501349"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,8]]},"references-count":207,"journal-issue":{"issue":"23","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/adhm.202501349"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/adhm.202501349","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2192-2640","2192-2659"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2192-2640","type":"print"},{"value":"2192-2659","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-03-13","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-07-08","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"2501349"}}