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The electromechanical response of the micro\u2010electromechanical devices with CGO films as an active material described previously can not be attributed exclusively to electrostriction. Here it is shown that, below 1 Hz, in addition to electrostriction (second\u2010harmonic response), there is a strong contribution of the electro\u2010chemomechanical effect (ECM, first harmonic response). ECM is the change in mechanical dimensions of ionic and mixed ionic\u2010electronic conductors as a result of a change in chemical composition induced by an electric field. In batteries, the presence of ECM is highly detrimental. In ceria at room temperature, it was considered to be negligible because of slow oxygen diffusion. This work demonstrates ECM actuation at ambient temperature and moderate electric field (&lt;5 V \u00b5m<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>). ECM\u2010induced strain is attributed to reversible oxidation\/ reduction of TiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> layers at the Ti\u2010CGO interface. At 25 \u00b0C, the ECM bending strain is 1.2 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>\u22126<\/jats:sup>, increasing exponentially with temperature. These data suggest that with a proper choice of materials, ECM\u2010type response can be a viable mechanism for mechanical actuation at ambient and also at slightly elevated temperatures.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/admi.201801592","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,8]],"date-time":"2019-02-08T10:44:01Z","timestamp":1549622641000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Electro\u2010chemomechanical Contribution to Mechanical Actuation in Gd\u2010Doped Ceria Membranes"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Eran","family":"Mishuk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials and Interfaces Weizmann Institute of Science  Herzl St 234 Rehovot 7610001 Israel"}]},{"given":"Andrei","family":"Ushakov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Natural Sciences and Mathematics Ural Federal University  Lenin Ave. 51 Ekaterinburg 620000 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Institute of Technology  Haifa 3200003 Israel"}]},{"given":"Vladimir Ya.","family":"Shur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Natural Sciences and Mathematics Ural Federal University  Lenin Ave. 51 Ekaterinburg 620000 Russia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3432-7610","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrei","family":"Kholkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Natural Sciences and Mathematics Ural Federal University  Lenin Ave. 51 Ekaterinburg 620000 Russia"},{"name":"Department of Physics and CICECO\u2010Aveiro Institute of Materials University of Aveiro  3810\u2010193 Aveiro Portugal"}]},{"given":"Igor","family":"Lubomirsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials and Interfaces Weizmann Institute of Science  Herzl St 234 Rehovot 7610001 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