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The structure and morphology of the nanoparticles are controlled by changing the acidity of the aqueous solvent added to the sol\u2010gel precursor (peroxopolytungstic acid) during synthesis. Orthorhombic hydrated WO<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> nanorods or monoclinic WO<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> nanoslabs are obtained when HCl is added, while synthesis only in aqueous medium results in a mixture of both types of polymorphs. Dual\u2010phase thin films are processed by inkjet printing deposition of the nanoparticles in flexible polyethylene terephthalate substrate with indium tin oxide coating (ITO PET) followed by the deposition of the precursor solution. When compared with purely amorphous tungsten oxide films, the dual phase ones present higher optical densities and improved capacity, and cyclability stability. The best results, obtained for orthorhombic hydrated nanoparticles (<jats:italic>ortho<\/jats:italic>\u2010WO<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\u00b70.33H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O), are due to its high surface area and improved conductivity. Additionally, the ex situ X\u2010ray diffraction (XRD) lithiation studies show evidence of a higher distortion of the monoclinic when compared with the orthorhombic crystallographic structure, which contribute to the inferior EC performance. These results validate the use of inkjet printing deposition with low processing temperatures for EC dual\u2010phase thin films containing optimized nanoparticles which are compatible with low\u2010cost substrates.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/aelm.201400002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,15]],"date-time":"2015-01-15T13:55:55Z","timestamp":1421330155000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":70,"title":["Structure and Morphologic Influence of WO<sub>3<\/sub> Nanoparticles on the Electrochromic Performance of Dual\u2010Phase <i>a<\/i>\u2010WO<sub>3<\/sub>\/WO<sub>3<\/sub> Inkjet Printed Films"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"1","author":[{"given":"L\u00eddia","family":"Santos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CENIMAT\/I3N, Departamento de Ci\u00eancia dos Materiais Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia \u2013 Universidade Nova de Lisboa and CEMOP\/UNINOVA  2829\u2013516 Caparica Portugal"}]},{"given":"Pawel","family":"Wojcik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CENIMAT\/I3N, Departamento de Ci\u00eancia dos Materiais Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia \u2013 Universidade Nova de Lisboa and CEMOP\/UNINOVA  2829\u2013516 Caparica Portugal"}]},{"given":"Joana V.","family":"Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CENIMAT\/I3N, Departamento de Ci\u00eancia dos Materiais Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia \u2013 Universidade Nova de Lisboa and CEMOP\/UNINOVA  2829\u2013516 Caparica Portugal"}]},{"given":"Elamurugu","family":"Elangovan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"i\u2010Micro Masdar Institute of Science and Technology  54224 Masdar City Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates"}]},{"given":"Jaime","family":"Viegas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"i\u2010Micro Masdar Institute of Science and Technology  54224 Masdar City Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates"}]},{"given":"Lu\u00eds","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CENIMAT\/I3N, Departamento de Ci\u00eancia dos Materiais Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia \u2013 Universidade Nova de Lisboa and CEMOP\/UNINOVA  2829\u2013516 Caparica Portugal"}]},{"given":"Rodrigo","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CENIMAT\/I3N, Departamento de Ci\u00eancia dos Materiais Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia \u2013 Universidade Nova de Lisboa and CEMOP\/UNINOVA  2829\u2013516 Caparica Portugal"}]},{"given":"Elvira","family":"Fortunato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CENIMAT\/I3N, Departamento de Ci\u00eancia dos Materiais Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia \u2013 Universidade Nova de Lisboa and CEMOP\/UNINOVA  2829\u2013516 Caparica Portugal"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.solmat.2011.08.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-matsci-062910-100344"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.solmat.2011.03.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","volume-title":"Handbook of Inorganic Electrochromic Materials","author":"Granqvist C. 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