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Through high\u2010accuracy calorimetric experiments closing gaps in available data, we reinvestigate the relative thermodynamic stability of diamond and graphite. For <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>&lt;400\u2005K, graphite is always more stable than diamond at ambient pressure. At low temperatures, the stability is enthalpically driven, and entropy terms add to the stability at higher temperatures. We also carried out DFT calculations: B86bPBE\u201025X\u2010XDM\/\/B86bPBE\u2010XDM and PBE0\u2010XDM\/\/PBE\u2010XDM results overlap with the experimental \u2212<jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>\u0394<jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic> results and bracket the experimental values of \u0394<jats:italic>H<\/jats:italic> and \u0394<jats:italic>G<\/jats:italic>, displaced by only about 2\u00d7 the experimental uncertainty. Revised values of the standard thermodynamic functions for diamond are \u0394<jats:sub>f<\/jats:sub><jats:italic>H<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>o<\/jats:sup>=\u22122150\u00b1150\u2005J\u2009mol<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>, \u0394<jats:sub>f<\/jats:sub><jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>o<\/jats:sup>=3.44\u00b10.03\u2005J\u2009K<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\u2009mol<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> and \u0394<jats:sub>f<\/jats:sub><jats:italic>G<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>o<\/jats:sup>=\u22123170\u00b1150\u2005J\u2009mol<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202009897","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,24]],"date-time":"2020-09-24T18:16:30Z","timestamp":1600971390000},"page":"1546-1549","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["The Relative Thermodynamic Stability of Diamond and Graphite"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"60","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8142-0004","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mary Anne","family":"White","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Department of Physics &amp; Atmospheric Science, and Clean Technology Research Institute Dalhousie University  Halifax Nova Scotia Canada"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6629-3198","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samer","family":"Kahwaji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Department of Physics &amp; Atmospheric Science, and Clean Technology Research Institute Dalhousie University  Halifax Nova Scotia Canada"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3670-2595","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vera L. 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